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Akhtyamova L.Sh.

Master Student, Kazan (Volga region) Federal University, Russia

Universal Laws of Composition (Artificial and Natural Form) on the Example of the V.G. Shukhov Tower

https://doi.org/10.58224/2618-7183-2022-5-5-29-41
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 29-41 p.
Abstract
The authors of the article broadcast information about the study of the compositional activity of engineers in Soviet Russia in the 20s of the XX century. in line with the architectural trend "con-structivism". The study, analysis and fixation in graphic images of masterpieces of volume-spatial composition in the history of engineering, scientific thought is considered by the authors as an isola-tion from an artificially created object – an organism of universal laws and means. The authors believe that the study, analysis and fixation in a schematic graphic material of high-class samples of science, technology, engineering allows you to develop compositional thinking, taste and teaches you to under-stand the course and origins of compositional thought in design. The study of the formal (composi-tional) sphere of the Legacy of the classics of modern and past eras allows you to build the path of the author's work on the project, avoiding mistakes and disappointments.
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TECHNOLOGICAL AND DESIGN FEATURES OF DESIGNING A MODULAR REINFORCED CONCRETE FOUNDATION FOR A HIGH-RISE BUILDING OF VARIOUS TYPES

https://doi.org/10.34031/2618-7183-2019-2-6-5-11
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 5-11 p.
Abstract
The paper proposes a new type of modular collapsible reinforced concrete foundation for steel support for various types of structures: power lines, wind power plants, billboards, traffic lights, etc.The foundation has the shape of a cross-hammer in the plan and consists of separate modules manufactured at the factory and connected to each other by concrete dowels and tie bolts on the construction site. At the same time, this technological approach makes it possible to obtain more stable (uniform) strength and deformation properties of both the individual module and the assembled foundation as a whole. Reducing the material consumption is achieved by creating a cavity in each typical module and filling it with local inert material (soil). The central module has an anchor device for joining with the support according to the type of flange connection. This device, along with the use of conventional anchor bolts, involves filling the central module with non-shrinkable fast-hardening steel-fiber concrete. Thus, the positive result of the proposed solution is to increase the bearing capacity of the foundation as a whole, increase the strength and stiffness of its main joints, and simplify installation in comparison with traditional approaches to construction. A comparative calculation of the foundations of the proposed and standard known solutions showed the effectiveness of the first one by at least 17.2%.
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