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English
Due to megacities’ rapid growth and modernization, new development opportunities are opening up for small cities near megacities, affecting their planning, architectural, and construction solutions. This often causes contradictions between the interests of developers, the population, and city authorities. Each party has interests that do not coincide with the values and priorities leading to complex situations affecting the city development. This article considers the urban development of Qosshy (Kazakhstan), focusing on the village’s transformation into a city of regional significance. The objective is to evaluate architectural and planning solutions in combination with socioeconomic opportunities for the development of Qosshy as part of the Astana agglomeration, according to the General Development Plan for Qosshy and the Comprehensive Development Plan for the Astana Agglomeration for 2024-2028. The study focuses on the distinctive features of Qosshy’s urban development, considering the influence of geographical, social, economic, political, and regional factors. The research methodology includes an analysis of documentation, literature, and the results of an online survey conducted by the authors. Qosshy’s residential development reflects regional characteristics, emphasizing creating comfortable living conditions while respecting the traditional lifestyle. Its architecture is shaped by elements of its historical development combined with modern and socially driven approaches. The authors propose practical measures aimed at gradually reconciling the interests of all stakeholders, which could effectively contribute to Qosshy’s development. This article will interest researchers and professionals in urban planning and architecture of small cities.
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2. Ukhanova Y.V., Kopytova E.D., Zhestyannikov S.G. Impact of citizen participation on solving the social problems of small regional cities in Russia. Changing Societies & Personalities. 2024. 8 (1). P. 263 – 278. DOI: 10.15826/csp.2024.8.1.263
3. Song G., Cai J., Fu Y. Regional development study: How to develop a small city affected by siphoning – A case of a Chinese city. Prosperitas. 2023. 10 (3). P. 1. DOI: 10.31570/prosp_2023_0060
4. Ulyanova N.B. Technologies for planning coloristic tasks in architecture. International Journal of Mechanical Engineering. 2021. 6 (3). P. 136 – 141.
5. Bantserova O., Ivanova M. Primary methods of forming the adaptation of architectural multifunctional public objects. Civil Engineering and Architecture. 2023. 11 (5). P. 2310 – 2320. DOI: 10.13189/cea.2023.110505
6. Tazhikov S. Principles of ensuring the viability of small cities in Northern Kazakhstan. In: Proceedings of the International scientific conference “Seifullinskie chteniya – 16: Molodezhnaya nauka novoi formatsii – Budushchee Kazakhstana, Astana, Kazakhstan, April 24, 2020. 1 (3. Astana: S. Seifullin Kazakh Agrotechnical Research University, 2020. P. 95 – 98.
7. Ospangaliyev A., Utebekova A., Dosmanbetov D., Akhmetov R., Mazarzhanova K. Impact of urban landscaping on improving the sustainable development of the urban environment. The case of Nur-Sultan. Journal of Environmental Management and Tourism. 2022. 13 (5). P. 1459 – 1466. DOI: 10.14505/jemt.v13.5(61).21
8. Gladilina I., Sergeeva S., Deputatova N., Skvortsova M., Bereznyakovskiy V., Silaeva A., Karabayev G., Mamedov S. Prospects for the development of university campuses integrated into urban environment in Russia and Kazakhstan. Civil Engineering and Architecture. 2023. 11 (6). P. 3347 – 3354. DOI: 10.13189/cea.2023.110610
9. Navasardova E., Burkin D., Nutrikhin R., Svidlova K. Risk-based approach to the regulation of the legal regime of lands and other real estate in the Russian resort region Caucasian Mineral Waters. Revista Relações Internacionais do Mundo Atual. 2024. 3 (45). P. 111 – 138.
10. Singh R., Dumas M.A. Exploring the spatial relationship between demographic indicators and the built environment of a city. In: Driving scientific and engineering discoveries through the integration of experiment, big data, and modeling and simulation, J. Nichols, A. ‘Barney’ Maccabe, J. Nutaro, S. Pophale, P. Devineni, T. Ahearn, B. Verastegui (Eds.). Cham: Springer. 2022. P. 356 – 370. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-96498-6_27
11. Kasimova A. Development of ecotourism in specially protected natural areas of the Kamchatka territory: Analysis of infrastructural approaches and architectural solutions. Revista Relações Internacionais do Mundo Atual. 2024. 3 (45). P. 403 – 420.
12. Borovikova E.V. Anti-crisis tools in the system of public finance, taxation and management. Finansy i upravleniye. 2023. 4. P. 48 – 67. DOI: 10.25136/2409-7802.2023.4.44045
13. Barmuta K., Zainullin L., Kurikov V., Arkanova I., Anuchina O., Chernov V. Impact of migration processes on socioeconomic changes in Russia and the security of its citizens. Revista Relações Internacionais do Mundo Atual. 2023. 4 (42). P. 717 – 729.
14. Klimova T., Askarova M., Sarin K., Shaimerdenova A., Hakimov N. Impact of transnational economic mobility on the regulation of international migration, human rights, and social policies. Juridicas CUC. 2024. 20 (1). P. 179 – 203. DOI: 10.17981/juridcuc.20.1.2024.07
15. Shubenkova E.V., Shichkin I.A. Mechanism of decent work and social protection of labor migrants within regional integration associations. Innovatsii i investitsii. 2021. 2. P. 81 – 86.
16. Vereshchagina T.A., Degtyarev P.Ya., Tyunin A.I. Crisis of the traditional model of small city development. Vestnik Chelyabinskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. 2018. 3 (413). P. 53 – 60.
17. Popov A.V., Gnatyuk M.A. Strategies of innovative development of small cities in Russia: Specific problems and resource potential. Gumanitarii Yuga Rossii. 2017. 6 (2). P. 251 – 259.
18. Soldatova N., Husien S., Kotliar P., Shammazova E., Smirnova Y. The phenomenon of digital behavior in smart cities: An experience of philosophical understanding and urban policy development. Relações Internacionais no Mundo Atual. 2024. 3 (45). P. 300 – 315.
19. Akhmetshin E., Sultanova S., Shichiyakh R., Khodjaeva M., Stepanova D., Nurgaliyeva A. Efficiency in urban management and smart city concepts: A Russian cities case study. International Journal of Sustainable Development and Planning. 2024. 19 (4). P. 1379 – 1387. DOI: 10.18280/ijsdp.190415
20. Obodets Ya.V. Problems and prospects for the development of small city in the context of modern challenges. Menedzher. Vestnik Donetskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta upravleniya. 2016. 2. P. 110 – 116.
21. Bukhvald E.M., Valentik O.N., Kolchugina A.V., Odintsova A.V. Strategic planning for small towns of Russia. Vestnik Instituta ekonomiki Rossiiskoi akademii nauk. 2017. 3. P. 53 – 70.
22. Nurlanova N.K. Cities as a growth point of economic space in Kazakhstan: Trends and prospects. Problemy razvitiya territorii. 2016. 5 (85). P. 201 – 216.
23. Ovsyannikova T.Yu., Nikolaenko M.N. Assessment of urban built environment quality on the urbanized territories: Interregional comparisons. Mir ekonomiki i upravleniya. 2015. 15 (2). P. 120 – 131.
24. Kafidov V.V., Filippov V.N., Filippova I.P. roblems of development of small and medium Russian towns. Economics and Management. 2019. 7. P. 24 – 29. DOI: 10.35854/1998-1627-2019-7-24-29
25. Wan T., Wang M. Large-scale measurement of urban streets’ space health based on the spatial disorder theory – A case study on the old urban area of Daoli District of Harbin City. Frontiers in Environmental Science. 2023. 11. P. 1127910. DOI: 10.3389/fenvs.2023.1127910
26. Chernysh M.F., Markin V.V. (Eds.). Sociocultural potential of small city in Russia: A collection of articles. Moscow: FNISC RAN, 2022. DOI: 10.19181/sbornik.978-5-89697-401-7.2022
27. Ospanov T., Prodanova N., Sarvut T., Matytsin A., Hajiyev H., Hajiyev E., Shichiyakh R., Akhmetshin E. Developing architectural design solutions and the interior organization of compact apartments with a comfortable living environment (a case study of the real estate market in Russia and Kazakhstan). Civil Engineering and Architecture. 2024. 12 (4). P. 2567 – 2576. DOI: 10.13189/cea.2024.120406
28. Gandelsman B.V., Churilov R.S. Restoration and sustainable development of historical towns in the European part of the Russian Federation. Architecture and Modern Information Technologies. 2019. 1 (46). P. 318 – 339.
29. Abdullayev I., Kukhar V., Akhmetshin E., Bekjanov D., Carballo-Penela A. Preface. E3S Web of Conferences. 2023. 449. P. 00001. DOI: 10.1051/e3sconf/202344900001
30. Ualtaeva A.S. Small city of Kazakhstan: Information-historical aspect. Almaty: Eltanym, 2014.
31. Kornilova A.A. Design of small settlements in the regional conditions of Northern Kazakhstan. Astana: S. Seifullin Kazakh Agro Technical Research University, 2015.
32. Kaimuldinova K., Aliaskarov D., Laiskhanov S., Wendt J.A., Muzdybayeva K. Exposure to wind as a threat to the sustainable development of small cities in the Zhambyl region (Kazakhstan). Sustainability. 2024. 16 (5). P. 2144. DOI: 10.3390/su16052144
33. Koldobskaya N.A. Environmental consequences of the capital relocation in the Republic of Kazakhstan. Geography, Environment, Sustainability. 2022. 15 (1). P. 150 – 158. DOI: 10.24057/2071-9388-2021-110
34. Sarsekova D., Mazarzhanova K., Dosmanbetov D., Kopabayeva A., Obezinskaya E., Nurlabi A., Mukanov B. Assessment of the degree of landscaping in Astana, Kazakhstan and recommendations for its development. Caspian Journal of Environmental Sciences. 2023. 21 (3). P. 585 – 594.
35. Joint Resolution of the Akimat of Akmola Region of September 14, 2022, No. A-9/436 and Decision of the Maslikhat of Akmola Region of September 14, 2022, No. 7C-20-5 “On changes in the administrative-territorial structure of the Akmola Region”. [Electronic resource]. URL: https://adilet.zan.kz/rus/docs/V22B0029718
36. Resolution of the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan of February 29, 2024, No. 136 “On approval of the comprehensive development plan for the Astana agglomeration for 2024-2028 and invalidation of the Resolutions of the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan of September 21, 2021, No. 649 ‘On approval of the Comprehensive Plan for the socio-economic development of settlements adjacent to the City of Astana until 2025’ and of January 25, 2023, No. 37 ‘On amendments to the Resolution of the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan of September 21, 2021, No. 649 "On approval of the Comprehensive Plan for the socio-economic development of settlements adjacent to the City of Nur-Sultan until 2023’”. [Electronic resource]. URL: https://adilet.zan.kz/rus/docs/P2400000136
37. Olshanska O., Puzyrova P., Shevchenko O. Integrative approach and clusterization as elements of effective tourism industry management in the conditions of sustainable development. Management. 2023. 38 (2). P. 48 – 60.
38. Grafkina M.V., Sviridova E.Y., Goryacheva E.V. Reducing occupational risks in industrial processes: analysis and recommendations for improving safety in production equipment and facilities. International Journal of Safety and Security Engineering. 2023. 13 (5). P. 781 – 788. DOI: 10.18280/ijsse.130502
39. Balova S., Orlova I., Konovalova E., Repina M., Shichkin I.. Social media marketing (SMM) impact on hotel business development: Private mini hotel experience. Anais Brasileiros De Estudos Turísticos. 2022. 12 (Special). P. 1 – 8. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7154757
40. Ydyrys S., Ibrayeva N., Abugaliyeva F., Zhaskairat M., Uvaliyeva A. Regulatory and legal support for the development of digital infrastructure in rural areas as a factor in improving the level of sustainable development and quality of life of the rural population. Journal of Environmental Management and Tourism. 2023. 14 (5). P. 1144 – 1155. DOI: 10.14505/jemt.v14.5(69).08
41. Atasheva D., Junussova D., Alimkulova E., Batyrova N., Mustafayeva B., Hajiyev H., Hernández García de Velazco J.J. The role of socioeconomic factors in sustainable urban development. International Journal of Sustainable Development and Planning. 2024. 19 (10). P. 3927 – 3933. DOI: 10.18280/ijsdp.191021
42. Putrik I., Makusheva O., Malkova T., Konovalova A., Semenova J., Beskorovaynaya S. Economic and legal aspects of developing entrepreneurship in tourism. Revista Jurídica. 2024. 2 (78). P. 721 – 731.
43. Bekezhanov D.N., Demidov M.V., Semenova N.V., Gaynetdinova G.S., Filippova V.P. Problems of consideration of environmental factors in urban planning as a mechanism for sustainable development. In: Challenges of the modern economy, Y.G. Buchaev, A.S. Abdulkadyrov, J.V. Ragulina, A.A. Khachaturyan, E.G. Popkova (Eds.). Cham: Springer, 2023. P. 49 – 52. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-29364-1_10
44. Petrov A., Loseva A., Melnikova L., Antonova O. Use of public-private partnership resources in construction. International Research Journal of Multidisciplinary Scope. 2024. 5 (4). P. 201 – 213. DOI: 10.47857/irjms.2024.05i04.01460
45. Neverov E.N., Gorelkina A.K., Mikhalova E.S., Korotkih P.S. Installation project for water purification from suspended particles. Journal of Applied Science and Engineering. 2025. 28 (8). P. 1817 – 1825. DOI: 10.6180/jase.202508_28(8).0018
46. Mikhailov A. The protection of cultural heritage objects: intangible aspects. Urban Studies. 2023. 3. P. 25 – 34. DOI: 10.7256/2310-8673.2023.3.43592
47. Vafin E., Razumovskaya E., Kiselev S., Safiullin L. Theoretical approaches to the study of the resource potential of the state pension system. International Research Journal of Multidisciplinary Scope. 2024. 5 (4). P. 47 – 56. DOI: 10.47857/irjms.2024.05i04.01122
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