Kasimova G.A.

Candidate of Engineering sciences (PhD), Associate Professor, Tashkent Institute of Architecture and Civil Engineering

Investigation of the synthesis of a grinding intensifier from secondary raw materials and its influence on the microstructural development of cement stone

https://doi.org/10.58224/2618-7183-2026-9-1-9
Аннотация
This paper presents data on the synthesis of cement grinding intensifiers produced from oil and gas processing wastes, namely secondary alkanolamines. The results of physicochemical characterization of the raw materials are reported, including the optimal purification conditions for the wastes and the synthesis parameters of the grinding intensifiers, as well as the physicochemical properties of the obtained products. It was found that the optimal conditions for producing the grinding intensifier involve conducting the reaction at 45°C for 6 hours with a 1:9 component ratio. The effects of the synthesized intensifiers on the cement clinker grinding process were investigated, including their influence on particle size distribution and the mineralogical composition of modified cements. The particles of the modified cement were shown to exhibit a predominantly spherical morphology; the maximum laser diffraction value reached 13.5%, the intensity was 88%, and the particle size was mainly around 2 μm (more than 53.5%), while the fraction of particles within the 100-200 μm range was 4.87%. X-ray diffraction and differential thermal analysis revealed that hydration of the modified cement is accompanied by a slight decrease in the diffraction intensity of calcium silicate phases (C2S and C3S), whereas an increase in the diffraction intensity of calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) was observed. This indicates the formation of calcium hydroxide and calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H) during cement hydration. The diffraction peaks of these phases were detected within the ranges of 30-33° 2θ and 40-45° 2θ. In addition, the presence of aluminate (C3A) and ferrite (C4AF) phases within 40-45° 2θ corresponds to calcium carbonate (CaCO3) observed in low-intensity regions between 29.4° 2θ and 48.5° 2θ, which is associated with CO2 absorption from the atmosphere. These changes reflect phase transformations during hydration and the formation of phases that are critical for strength development. The optimal dosage of the grinding intensifier in the cement composition was determined to be 0.02 wt.% (based on dry residue).
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