Klyuev A.V.

Candidate of Engineering Sciences (Ph.D.), Associate Professor, Belgorod State Technological University named after V.G. Shukhov

Influence of carbon black additives and finely ground waste from stone wool production on characteristics of cement systems

https://doi.org/10.58224/2618-7183-2025-8-4-8
Аннотация
The object of research is cement composites with additives of carbon black and finely ground waste stone wool production. The work aims to design a mix of a cement composite with the additives of carbon black and finely ground waste from stone wool production, which achieves the best strength characteristics. The results show that carbon black is represented on average by particles of 155 microns with inclusions of large agglomerates up to 1-2 mm in size, consisting of almost homogeneous nanoparticles 10-20 nm in size. Carbon black is distinguished by high hydrophobic properties with a true powder density of 900 kg/m3 and a bulk density of 300 kg/m3. The chemical composition of black carbon is 70-80% carbon and 10-15% oxygen, and it also contains impurity compounds of zinc, iron, sulfur, silicon, and other elements. Carbon additives acquire hydrophilic properties in the presence of a plasticizer, and the degree of their influence on hydration becomes less pronounced. The contraction of the binder during the first three hours of hardening is reduced when carbon black is introduced into the cement system in an amount of 8%. A composition with the best strength characteristics was obtained: the content of finely ground waste from stone wool production is 6% by weight of the binder; carbon black content is 4-5%; W/C = 0.2. However, there is difficulty in mixing the mixture at such a low W/C. With a water-cement ratio of 0.3, this problem is solved, and the strength characteristics remain quite high.
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Photocatalytic self-cleaning lime coatings

https://doi.org/10.58224/2618-7183-2025-8-2-8
Аннотация
The article presents the results of assessing the self-cleaning properties of lime coatings. The use of zinc oxide immobilized on synthesized aluminosilicates as a photocatalyst is considered. The technology of synthesis and properties of aluminosilicates are described. The photocatalytic activity of zinc oxide is analyzed depending on the technology of obtaining the photocatalyst. It was found that the band gap width of the photocatalyst obtained by immobilizing zinc oxide on synthetic zeolite decreased from 3.37 eV to 2.7 eV. Comparison of the self-cleaning ability of lime coating samples, in the formulation of which the photocatalyst was introduced, is carried out using the methods specified in the regulatory documentation- according to the test method in accordance with GOST R 57255-2016, according to the method of the Italian standard UNI 11259. The results of tests according to the methods established in regulatory documents indicate the high photocatalytic activity of the lime coating. It has been established that the lime coating with the use of zinc oxide photocatalyst immobilized on synthetic zeolite exhibits high photocatalytic activity. In accordance with the requirements of the Italian standard UNI 11259, the photocatalytic activity of the surface after 4 hours is R=21.94-55.42%, and after 26 hours – 51.96 - 98.2% depending on the specific surface of zinc oxide.
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