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Introduction. The stress-strain state of massive monolithic reinforced concrete structures during the early stages can cause cracks due to temperature deformation and autogenous shrinkage of concrete. Ignoring the deformations caused by autogenous shrinkage in calculations of the stress-strain state is often an unjustified simplification. This emphasizes the importance of studying the influence of formulations and technological factors on the amount and rate of autogenous shrinkage in concretes. The kinetics of autogenous shrinkage, especially during the first two days of hardening, can vary significantly depending on the specific characteristics of the cement and superplasticizer used. The aim of the study. To investigate the influence of the type of cement and superplasticizers with different chemical basis on the magnitude and kinetics of autogenous shrinkage and to obtain the necessary equations for calculations of thermally stressed states in the early stages. Methods. Analysis of existing approaches to assessing autogenous shrinkage in cement paste and concrete. Experimental study of autogenous shrinkage of cement pastes. Comparison results with published data and EN and JSCE standards. Results. Based on the proposed equation a classification of autogenous shrinkage kinetic of cements is proposed. The kinetics of autogenous shrinkage was varied: at the age of one day, the amount of autogenous shrinkage relative to seven days can vary up to six times, at the age of three days up to two times. An equation of the dependence of autogenous shrinkage on concrete strength is proposed for calculating the thermally stressed state of massive monolithic structures in the early period.
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10. Al-Massri G., Ghanem H., Khatib J., Kırgız M.S., Elkordi A. Chemical shrinkage, autogenous shrinkage, drying shrinkage, and expansion stability of interfacial transition zone material using alkali-treated banana fiber for concrete. Journal of Structural Integrity and Maintenance. 2024. 9 (3). Р. 2390650. DOI: 10.1080/24705314.2024.2390650
11. Zieliński A., Schindler A.K. Measurement of autogenous and drying shrinkage in paste, mortar, and concrete with the plastic-sleeve test method. Materials and Structures. 2025. 58 (7). Р. 246. DOI: 10.1617/s11527-025-02752-4
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13. De Meyst L., Mannekens E., Van Tittelboom K., De Belie N. The influence of superabsorbent polymers (SAPs) on autogenous shrinkage in cement paste, mortar and concrete. Construction and Building Materials. 2021. 286. Р. 122948. DOI: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2021.122948
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15. Liu Y., Zhang S., Fang Z., Sun M., Fan Y., Shah S.P. Influence of water-to-binder ratio on autogenous shrinkage and electrical resistivity of cement mortar. Buildings. 2025. 15 (9). Р. 1444. DOI: 10.3390/buildings1509144.
16. Chen J., Mao Z., Huang X., Deng M. Effect of the water-binder ratio on the autogenous shrinkage of C50 mass concrete mixed with MgO expansion agent. Materials. 2023. 16 (6). Р. 2478. DOI: 10.3390/ma16062478
17. Zhenga J.L., Almalkawi A.T., Wu W., Almalkawi A.T. Effect of Fly Ash Replacement Content on the Autogenous Shrinkage of Self-Compacting Concrete. Emirati Journal of Civil Engineering and Applications. 2024. 2 (1). Р. 23 – 31. DOI: 10.54878/2283zw64
18. Zieliński A., Schindler A.K. Measurement of autogenous and drying shrinkage in paste, mortar, and concrete with the plastic-sleeve test method. Materials and Structures. 2025. 58 (7). Р. 246. DOI: 10.1617/s11527-025-02752-4
19. Ghanem H., Ramadan R., Khatib J., Elkordi A. A review on chemical and autogenous shrinkage of cementitious systems. Materials. 2024. 17 (2). Р. 283. DOI: 10.3390/ma17020283.
20. Liu Y., Zhang S., Fang Z., Sun M., Fan Y., Shah S. P. Influence of Water-to-Binder Ratio on Autogenous Shrinkage and Electrical Resistivity of Cement Mortar. Buildings. 2025. 15 (9). Р. 1444. DOI: 10.3390/buildings15091444
21. Zhang H., Ma Z., Zhang B., Gong F. Mitigation of autogenous shrinkage in alkali‐activated slag (AAS) using doped diatomaceous earth (DE). Journal of the American Ceramic Society. 2025. Р. e20704. DOI: 10.1111/jace.20704
22. Ahmed H.H. Sustainable approach to control autogenous shrinkage in low water–cement ratio concretes. Reviews on advanced materials science. 2026. 65 (1). Р. 20250193. DOI: 10.1515/rams-2025-0193
23. Tsivolas K., Bekes E., Badogiannis E. The influence of metakaolin on the autogenous and drying shrinkage of internally cured concrete. MATEC Web of Conferences. EDP Sciences. 2025. 409. Р. 08002. DOI: 10.1051/matecconf/202540908002
24. Zhenga J.L., Almalkawi A.T., Wu W., Almalkawi A.T. Effect of Fly Ash Replacement Content on the Autogenous Shrinkage of Self-Compacting Concrete. Emirati Journal of Civil Engineering and Applications. 2024. 2 (1). Р. 23 – 31. DOI: 10.54878/2283zw64
25. Zhang J., Ma Y., Zhao H., Sun H., Liu J. Mitigating autogenous shrinkage of cement paste with novel shrinkage-reducing polycarboxylate superplasticizer. Materials and Structures. 2022. 55 (9). Р. 231. DOI: 10.1617/s11527-022-02066-9
26. Ikram A.L., Ammar A.L. Enhancing the Autogenous Shrinkage Behaviour of High-Strength Concrete by Using Water Absorption Polymer Balls. 2026. Р. 1 – 11. DOI: 10.2478/cee-2026-0072
27. Wen C., Shen D., Shao H., Ji L. Autogenous shrinkage and tensile creep of supersulfated cement concrete at early age. Construction and Building Materials. 2024. 411. Р. 134236. DOI: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2023.134236
28. Lu T., Li Z., Huang H. Restraining effect of aggregates on autogenous shrinkage in cement mortar and concrete. Construction and Building Materials. 2021. 289. Р. 123166. DOI: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2021.123166
29. Ullah I., Javed M.F., Alabduljabbar H., Ahmad F. Predicting Autogenous Shrinkage of High-Performance Concrete Utilizing Advanced Machine Learning Techniques. Journal of Natural Fibers. 2025. 22 (1). Р. 2564185. DOI: 10.1080/15440478.2025.2564185
30. Abate S.Y., Park S., Kim H.K. Parametric modeling of autogenous shrinkage of sodium silicate-activated slag. Construction and Building Materials. 2020. 262. Р. 120747. DOI: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.120747
31. Gowripalan N. Autogenous Shrinkage of Concrete at Early Ages. In: ACMSM25. Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering. Springer. Singapore. 2020. Р. 37. DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-7603-0_27
32. Ćećez M., Šahinagić-Isović M., Serdar M. Autogenous shrinkage of cementitious composites incorporating red mud. Reviews on advanced materials science. 2025. 64 (1). Р. 20250136. DOI: 10.1515/rams-2025-0136
33. Wan Z., He T., Yang R., Ma X. The effect of shrinkage-reducing agents on autogenous shrinkage and drying shrinkage of cement mortar with accelerator. Mechanics of Time-Dependent Materials. 2024. 28 (4). Р. 2121 – 2150. DOI: 10.1007/s11043-023-09614-y
34. Wang J., Li H., Tan Y., Li L., Qu Y., Xie Y. Time-dependent autogenous shrinkage of shotcrete with alkaline and alkali-free accelerators. Mechanics of Time-Dependent Materials. 2023. 27(2). Р. 605 – 628. DOI: 10.1007/s11043-023-09593-0
35. Khatib J., Ramadan R., Ghanem H., Elkordi A. (2021). Volume stability of cement paste containing limestone fines. Buildings. 2021. 11 (8). Р. 366. DOI: 10.3390/buildings11080366
36. Delsaute B., Torrenti J.M., Nedjar B., Staquet S., Bourchy A., Briffaut M. Modeling compressive basic creep of concrete at early age. Mechanics of Time-Dependent Materials. 2024. 28 (1). Р. 143 – 162. DOI: 10.1007/s11043-024-09668-6
37. Weng J., Liao W. Autogenous shrinkage prediction models and microstructure of UHPC with single or binary addition of an expansive agent and steel fibers. Frontiers in Materials. 2024. 11. Р. 1427230. DOI: 10.3389/fmats.2024.1427230
38. Wen C., Shen D., Shao H., Ji L. Autogenous shrinkage and tensile creep of supersulfated cement concrete at early age. Construction and Building Materials. 2024. 411. Р. 134236. DOI: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2023.134236
39. Niken C. The influence of fly ash on the relationship between autogenous shrinkage and hydration heat in high-performance concrete. Jurnal Teknologi (Sciences & Engineering). 2024. 86 (4). Р. 171 – 180. DOI: 10.11113/jurnalteknologi.v86.21371
2. Chepurnenko A.S., Nesvetaev G.V., Koryanova Y.I., Yazyev B.M. Simplified model for determining the stressstrain state in massive monolithic foundation slabs during construction. International Journal for Computational Civil and Structural Engineering. 2022. 18 (3). Р. 126 – 136. DOI: 10.22337/2587-9618-2022-18-3-126-136
3. Smolana A., Klemczak B., Azenha M., Schlicke D. Experiences and analysis of the construction process of mass foundation slabs aimed at reducing the risk of early age cracks. Journal of Building Engineering. 2021. 44. Р. 102947. DOI: 10.1016/j.jobe.2021.102947
4. Tyurina V., Chepurnenko A., Tkachev D. A Simplified Method for Assessing Thermal Stresses During the Construction of Massive Monolithic Foundation Slabs Based on Temperatures at Three Points. Buildings. 2026. 16 (1). Р. 188. DOI: 10.3390/buildings16010188
5. Klemczak B., Smolana A. Multi-Step Procedure for Predicting Early-Age Thermal Cracking Risk in Mass Concrete Structures. Materials. 2024. 17. Р. 3700. DOI: 10.3390/ma17153700.
6. Smolana A., Klemczak B., Azenha M. Schlicke D. Thermo-Mechanical Analysis of Mass Concrete Foundation Slabs at Early Age—Essential Aspects and Experiences from the FE Modelling. Materials. 2022. 15. Р. 1815. DOI: 10.3390/ma15051815
7. Tang S., Huang D., He Z. A review of autogenous shrinkage models of concrete. Journal of Building Engineering. 2021. 44. Р. 103412. DOI: 10.1016/j.jobe.2021.103412
8. Li Z., Zhang S., Liang X., Kostiuchenko A., Ye G. Cracking potential of alkali-activated concrete induced by autogenous shrinkage. RILEM Spring Convention and Conference. Cham. Springer International Publishing. 2020. Р. 239 – 245. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-76551-4_22
9. Gowripalan N. Autogenous shrinkage of concrete at early ages. ACMSM25: Proceedings of the 25th Australasian Conference on Mechanics of Structures and Materials. Singapore. Springer Singapore. 2020. Р. 269 – 276. DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-7603-0_27
10. Al-Massri G., Ghanem H., Khatib J., Kırgız M.S., Elkordi A. Chemical shrinkage, autogenous shrinkage, drying shrinkage, and expansion stability of interfacial transition zone material using alkali-treated banana fiber for concrete. Journal of Structural Integrity and Maintenance. 2024. 9 (3). Р. 2390650. DOI: 10.1080/24705314.2024.2390650
11. Zieliński A., Schindler A.K. Measurement of autogenous and drying shrinkage in paste, mortar, and concrete with the plastic-sleeve test method. Materials and Structures. 2025. 58 (7). Р. 246. DOI: 10.1617/s11527-025-02752-4
12. Tutkun B., Barlay E.S., Yalçınkaya Ç., Yazıcı H. Effect of internal curing on shrinkage and cracking potential under autogenous and drying conditions. Construction and Building Materials. 2023. 409. Р. 134078. DOI: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2023.134078
13. De Meyst L., Mannekens E., Van Tittelboom K., De Belie N. The influence of superabsorbent polymers (SAPs) on autogenous shrinkage in cement paste, mortar and concrete. Construction and Building Materials. 2021. 286. Р. 122948. DOI: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2021.122948
14. Weng J.R., Liao W.C. Autogenous shrinkage prediction models and microstructure of UHPC with single or binary addition of an expansive agent and steel fibers. Frontiers in Materials. 2024. 11. Р. 1427230. DOI: 10.3389/fmats.2024.1427230
15. Liu Y., Zhang S., Fang Z., Sun M., Fan Y., Shah S.P. Influence of water-to-binder ratio on autogenous shrinkage and electrical resistivity of cement mortar. Buildings. 2025. 15 (9). Р. 1444. DOI: 10.3390/buildings1509144.
16. Chen J., Mao Z., Huang X., Deng M. Effect of the water-binder ratio on the autogenous shrinkage of C50 mass concrete mixed with MgO expansion agent. Materials. 2023. 16 (6). Р. 2478. DOI: 10.3390/ma16062478
17. Zhenga J.L., Almalkawi A.T., Wu W., Almalkawi A.T. Effect of Fly Ash Replacement Content on the Autogenous Shrinkage of Self-Compacting Concrete. Emirati Journal of Civil Engineering and Applications. 2024. 2 (1). Р. 23 – 31. DOI: 10.54878/2283zw64
18. Zieliński A., Schindler A.K. Measurement of autogenous and drying shrinkage in paste, mortar, and concrete with the plastic-sleeve test method. Materials and Structures. 2025. 58 (7). Р. 246. DOI: 10.1617/s11527-025-02752-4
19. Ghanem H., Ramadan R., Khatib J., Elkordi A. A review on chemical and autogenous shrinkage of cementitious systems. Materials. 2024. 17 (2). Р. 283. DOI: 10.3390/ma17020283.
20. Liu Y., Zhang S., Fang Z., Sun M., Fan Y., Shah S. P. Influence of Water-to-Binder Ratio on Autogenous Shrinkage and Electrical Resistivity of Cement Mortar. Buildings. 2025. 15 (9). Р. 1444. DOI: 10.3390/buildings15091444
21. Zhang H., Ma Z., Zhang B., Gong F. Mitigation of autogenous shrinkage in alkali‐activated slag (AAS) using doped diatomaceous earth (DE). Journal of the American Ceramic Society. 2025. Р. e20704. DOI: 10.1111/jace.20704
22. Ahmed H.H. Sustainable approach to control autogenous shrinkage in low water–cement ratio concretes. Reviews on advanced materials science. 2026. 65 (1). Р. 20250193. DOI: 10.1515/rams-2025-0193
23. Tsivolas K., Bekes E., Badogiannis E. The influence of metakaolin on the autogenous and drying shrinkage of internally cured concrete. MATEC Web of Conferences. EDP Sciences. 2025. 409. Р. 08002. DOI: 10.1051/matecconf/202540908002
24. Zhenga J.L., Almalkawi A.T., Wu W., Almalkawi A.T. Effect of Fly Ash Replacement Content on the Autogenous Shrinkage of Self-Compacting Concrete. Emirati Journal of Civil Engineering and Applications. 2024. 2 (1). Р. 23 – 31. DOI: 10.54878/2283zw64
25. Zhang J., Ma Y., Zhao H., Sun H., Liu J. Mitigating autogenous shrinkage of cement paste with novel shrinkage-reducing polycarboxylate superplasticizer. Materials and Structures. 2022. 55 (9). Р. 231. DOI: 10.1617/s11527-022-02066-9
26. Ikram A.L., Ammar A.L. Enhancing the Autogenous Shrinkage Behaviour of High-Strength Concrete by Using Water Absorption Polymer Balls. 2026. Р. 1 – 11. DOI: 10.2478/cee-2026-0072
27. Wen C., Shen D., Shao H., Ji L. Autogenous shrinkage and tensile creep of supersulfated cement concrete at early age. Construction and Building Materials. 2024. 411. Р. 134236. DOI: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2023.134236
28. Lu T., Li Z., Huang H. Restraining effect of aggregates on autogenous shrinkage in cement mortar and concrete. Construction and Building Materials. 2021. 289. Р. 123166. DOI: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2021.123166
29. Ullah I., Javed M.F., Alabduljabbar H., Ahmad F. Predicting Autogenous Shrinkage of High-Performance Concrete Utilizing Advanced Machine Learning Techniques. Journal of Natural Fibers. 2025. 22 (1). Р. 2564185. DOI: 10.1080/15440478.2025.2564185
30. Abate S.Y., Park S., Kim H.K. Parametric modeling of autogenous shrinkage of sodium silicate-activated slag. Construction and Building Materials. 2020. 262. Р. 120747. DOI: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.120747
31. Gowripalan N. Autogenous Shrinkage of Concrete at Early Ages. In: ACMSM25. Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering. Springer. Singapore. 2020. Р. 37. DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-7603-0_27
32. Ćećez M., Šahinagić-Isović M., Serdar M. Autogenous shrinkage of cementitious composites incorporating red mud. Reviews on advanced materials science. 2025. 64 (1). Р. 20250136. DOI: 10.1515/rams-2025-0136
33. Wan Z., He T., Yang R., Ma X. The effect of shrinkage-reducing agents on autogenous shrinkage and drying shrinkage of cement mortar with accelerator. Mechanics of Time-Dependent Materials. 2024. 28 (4). Р. 2121 – 2150. DOI: 10.1007/s11043-023-09614-y
34. Wang J., Li H., Tan Y., Li L., Qu Y., Xie Y. Time-dependent autogenous shrinkage of shotcrete with alkaline and alkali-free accelerators. Mechanics of Time-Dependent Materials. 2023. 27(2). Р. 605 – 628. DOI: 10.1007/s11043-023-09593-0
35. Khatib J., Ramadan R., Ghanem H., Elkordi A. (2021). Volume stability of cement paste containing limestone fines. Buildings. 2021. 11 (8). Р. 366. DOI: 10.3390/buildings11080366
36. Delsaute B., Torrenti J.M., Nedjar B., Staquet S., Bourchy A., Briffaut M. Modeling compressive basic creep of concrete at early age. Mechanics of Time-Dependent Materials. 2024. 28 (1). Р. 143 – 162. DOI: 10.1007/s11043-024-09668-6
37. Weng J., Liao W. Autogenous shrinkage prediction models and microstructure of UHPC with single or binary addition of an expansive agent and steel fibers. Frontiers in Materials. 2024. 11. Р. 1427230. DOI: 10.3389/fmats.2024.1427230
38. Wen C., Shen D., Shao H., Ji L. Autogenous shrinkage and tensile creep of supersulfated cement concrete at early age. Construction and Building Materials. 2024. 411. Р. 134236. DOI: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2023.134236
39. Niken C. The influence of fly ash on the relationship between autogenous shrinkage and hydration heat in high-performance concrete. Jurnal Teknologi (Sciences & Engineering). 2024. 86 (4). Р. 171 – 180. DOI: 10.11113/jurnalteknologi.v86.21371
Chepurnenko A.S., Nesvetaev G.V., Koryanova Yu.I. Autogenous shrinkage of cement and concrete with superplasticizers of various chemical bases. Construction Materials and Products. 2026. 9 (2). 5. https://doi.org/10.58224/2618-7183-2026-9-2-5