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English
This paper describes the structure and properties of large-tonnage expanded clay gravel waste, which is generated as dust from the cyclone, or clay dust (when drying granules), and expanded clay dust from filters (when leaving the kiln, from the cooler and screen). The mineralogical and phase composition of expanded clay dust and its hydraulic activity were determined. Clay dust from cyclones corresponds to the specific surface of 2500 cm2/g, and expanded clay dust from filters - 6800 cm2/g, which allows us to recommend it for use as a fine mineral additive to cement mortars and concretes. Due to the fact that the bulk density of clay dust is about 1000 kg/m3, and expanded clay dust - 6300 kg/m3, it allows to recommend it in the form of facilitating raw material additives in the production of wall and partition products. The results of X-ray phase analysis of clay dust from cyclones showed the presence of significant residues of unburnt clay (more than 80%), and the analysis of expanded clay dust from filters showed the presence of solid high-temperature phases consisting of: Quartz (SiO2) – 50.28%, Albite C-1 (NaAlSi3O8) – 14.82%, Microcline maximum (KAlSi3O8) – 15.73%, Lime (CaO) – 2.77%, Calcite (CaCO3) – 5.11%, Alunogen (Al2(SO4)2(H2O)22) – 11.29%. Hydraulic activity of clay and expanded clay dust according to the methods of GOST R 56593 and GOST 30744 showed that it is extremely low, especially for clay dust (0.3 MPa). On the contrary, the characteristics of samples of clay-alkali compositions showed sufficient strength (for clay dust up to 6.8 MPa, and expanded clay dust up to 3.6 MPa), which allows them to be recommended as a component of slag-alkali binder for cement-soil bases of highways.
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[19] Shcherban’ E.M., Beskopylny A.N., Stel’makh S.A., Mailyan L.R., Meskhi B., Shilov A.A., Pimenova E., El’shaeva D. Combined Effect of Ceramic Waste Powder Additives and PVA on the Structure and Properties of Geopolymer Concrete Used for Finishing Facades of Buildings. Materials. 2023. 16. 3259 p.
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[2] Onuralp Özkılıç’ Y., Alexey N. Beskopylny, Sergey A. Stel’makh, Evgenii M. Shcherban’, Levon R. Mailyan, Besarion Meskhi, Andrei Chernil’nik, Oxana Ananova, Ceyhun Aksoylu, Emrah Madenci Lightweight expanded-clay fiber concrete with improved characteristics reinforced with short natural fibers. Case Studies in Construction Materials. 2023. 19 p.
[3] Trepalin D.V., Doroganov E.A., Trepalina Yu.N. Prospects for the development of expanded clay gravel production while expanding the raw material base. Science and practice in the paradigm of the new multipolar world order: collection. scientific Art. based on the results of the International intercollegiate scientific-practical Conference, St. Petersburg, June 09-10, 2023. St. Petersburg, 2023. P. 102 – 106.
[4] Khudyakova T.M., Kolesnikova O.G., Zhanikulov N.N., Botabaev N.E., Kenzhibaevа G.S., Iztleuov G.M., Suigenbaevа A.Zh., Kutzhanova A.N., Ashirbaev H.A., Kolesnikovа V.A. Low-Basicity Cement, Problems and Advantages of its Utilization. Refractories and Industrial Ceramics. 2021. 1 (7). P. 3 – 9.
[5] Knyazeva S.A., Yakovlev G.I., Buryanov A.F., Zhukov A., Kirshin I. Research of the binder system structure based on thermal activated expanded clay dust.Bulletin of the Belgorod State Technological University named after. V.G. Shukhova. 2024. 1. P. 21 – 29.
[6] Fediuk R., Amran M., Klyuev S., Klyuev A. Increasing the performance of a fiber-reinforced concrete for protective facilities. Fibers. 2021. 9 (11). P. 64.
[7] Kocherov Y., Kolesnikov A., Makulbekova G., Mamitova A., Ramatullaeva L., Medeshev B., Kolesnikova O. Investigation of the Physico-Chemical and Mechanical Properties of Expanded Ceramsite Granules Made on the Basis of Coal Mining Waste. Journal of Composites Science. 2024. 8. 306 p.
[8] Klyuev S., Fediuk R., Ageeva M., Fomina E., Klyuev A., Shorstova E., Zolotareva S., Shchekina N., Shapovalova A., Sabitov L. Phase formation of mortar using technogenic fibrous materials. Case Studies in Construction Materials. 2022. 16. P. e01099.
[9] Kolesnikov A.S., Zhakipbaev B.Ye., Zhanikulov N., Kolesnikova O.G., Аkhmetova Е.K., Kuraev R.M., Shal A.L. Review of technogenic waste and methods of its processing for the purpose of complex utilization of tailings from the enrichment of non-ferrous metal ores as a component of the raw material mixture in the production of cement clinker. Rasayan Journal of Chemistry. 2021. 14 (2). P. 997 – 1005.
[10] Shcherban’ E.M., Stel’makh S.A., Beskopylny A.N., Mailyan L.R., Besarion Meskhi, Elshaeva D., Chernil’nik A., Mailyan A.L., Ananova O. Eco-Friendly Sustainable Concrete and Mortar Using Coal Dust Waste. Materials. 2023. 16. 6604 p.
[11] Kolesnikov A.S., Fediuk R., Kolesnikova O., Zhanikulov N., Zhakipbayev B., Kuraev R., Akhmetova E., Shal A. Processing of Waste from Enrichment with the Production of Cement Clinker and the Extraction of Zinc. Materials. 2022. 15 (1). P. 1 – 9. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15010324
[12] Klyuev S., Fediuk R., Ageeva M., Fomina E., Klyuev A., Shorstova E., Sabitov L., Radaykin O., Anciferov S., Kikalishvili D., de Azevedo Afonso R.G., Vatin N. Technogenic fiber wastes for optimizing concrete. Materials. 2022. 15 (14). P. 5058.
[13] Kolesnikov A.S., Sapargaliyeva B.O., Bychkov A.Yu., Alferyeva Ya.O., Syrlybekkyzy S., Altybaeva Zh.K., Nurshakhanova L.K., Seidaliyeva L.K., Suleimenova B.S., Zhidebayeva A.E., Kolesnikova O.G., Zhanikulov N.N., Zhakipbaev B.Ye., Suleimenova Т.N., Koshkarbayeva Sh.К., ASuigenbayeva .Zh. Thermodynamic modeling of the formation of the main minerals of cement clinker and zinc fumes in the processing of toxic technogenic waste of the metallurgical industry. Rasayan Journal of Chemistry. 2022. 15 (3). P. 2181 – 2187.
[14] Amran M., Fediuk R., Klyuev S., Qader D.N. Sustainable development of basalt fiber-reinforced high-strength eco-friendly concrete with a modified composite binder. Case Studies in Construction Materials. 2022. 17. e01550.
[15] Shcherban’ E.M., Stel’makh S.A., Beskopylny A., Mailyan L.R., Meskhi B., Varavka V. Nanomodification of Lightweight Fiber Reinforced Concrete with Micro Silica and Its Influence on the Constructive Quality Coefficient. Materials. 2021. 14. 7347 p.
[16] Beskopylny A.N., Stel’makh S.A., Shcherban’ E.M., Mailyan L.R., Meskhi B., Beskopylny N., El’shaeva D. Influence of the Chemical Activation of Aggregates on the Properties of Lightweight Vibro-Centrifuged Fiber-Reinforced Concrete. Journal of Composites Science. 2022. 6. 273 p.
[17] Donayev A., Kolesnikov A., Shapalov Sh., Bayan Sapargaliyeva, Ivakhniyuk G.Studies of waste from the mining and metallurgical industry, with the determination of its impact on the life of the population. News of the National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Series of Geology and Technical Sciences. 2022. (4). P. 55 – 68.
[18] Klyuev S., Fediuk R., Ageeva M., Fomina E., Klyuev A., Shorstova E., Sabitov L., Radaykin O., Anciferov S., Kikalishvili D., de Azevedo Afonso R.G., Vatin N. Technogenic fiber wastes for optimizing concrete. Materials. 2022. 15 (14). P. 5058.
[19] Shcherban’ E.M., Beskopylny A.N., Stel’makh S.A., Mailyan L.R., Meskhi B., Shilov A.A., Pimenova E., El’shaeva D. Combined Effect of Ceramic Waste Powder Additives and PVA on the Structure and Properties of Geopolymer Concrete Used for Finishing Facades of Buildings. Materials. 2023. 16. 3259 p.
[20] Beskopylny A.N., Stel’makh S.A., Shcherban’ E.M., Mailyan L.R., Meskhi B., Beskopylny N., El’shaeva D.Influence of the Chemical Activation of Aggregates on the Properties of Lightweight Vibro-Centrifuged Fiber-Reinforced Concrete. Journal of Composites Science. 2022. 6. 273 p.
Sinitsin D.A., Yudin A.A., Parfenova A.A., Zanina A.F., Nedoseko I.V. Investigation of structure and properties of expanded clay waste with the purpose of their use in the construction industry. Construction Materials and Products. 2025. 8 (1). 4. https://doi.org/10.58224/2618-7183-2025-8-1-4