2025 г.

Архив журнала Строительные материалы и изделия Том 8

Methods for assessing the quality of architectural spaces of educational institutions

https://doi.org/10.58224/2618-7183-2025-8-1-9
Аннотация
School plays a key role in the development of a person's personality throughout their life. The educational atmosphere largely shapes behavior patterns, especially for children and adolescents. The foundations laid at an early age often become decisive for the further development of the personality. Today, approaches to the educational process have undergone significant changes. The article presents a methodology developed by the authors that allows assessing the quality of architectural spaces of educational institutions by four main parameters. This will allow obtaining an objective picture of the state of educational spaces and making adequate architectural and design decisions at the administrative level. This work is based on an integrated approach to assessing architectural space, developing universal assessment models that allow correlating different-quality characteristics of school subsystems into a single assessment system, which will allow obtaining a quantitative assessment of the state of spatial indicators of educational institutions. Methods for assessing architectural spaces of educational institutions suggest entering a new stage of designing specific schools, eliminating serious consequences of architectural and design errors with large budget losses when implementing poor-quality development scenarios. The priority task of reforming the system of public authority is to create a qualitatively new level of public administration efficiency, including in matters of spatial development of educational institutions and renovation of existing schools. Because of the study, the main criteria and indicators of the quality of the architectural educational space were developed. The matrix of criteria includes such evaluation blocks as safe environmental design; formation of space; inclusiveness; stages of the physical condition of the building. The evaluation criteria were tested and refined in schools of the Republic of Bashkortostan. The results of the project implementation are methodological tools for assessing the quality of architectural spaces of educational institutions, an application for assessing the initial level of quality of architectural space, modeling the architectural planning solution of an educational institution and estimate documentation at the stage of an application for major repairs.
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Principles of the organization of space-planning solutions for nuclear medicine facilities

https://doi.org/10.58224/2618-7183-2025-8-1-10
Аннотация
It is nearly impossible to imagine modern medicine without the use of nuclear technologies, the introduction of which has led to the emergence of new methods of prevention, diagnosis and treatment of various diseases, as well as reduced mortality rates among patients and improved the quality of life of patients with diseases in the field of oncology, cardiology, neurology and others. The purpose of this article is to systematize the principles of the organization of architectural space-planning solutions based on the studied experience of the constructed nuclear medicine facilities. The methodology of this research constitutes an analysis of statistical data and academic papers, in which the authors examine the core process equipment used at nuclear medicine facilities, the main architectural typological zones of nuclear medicine facilities, and highlight the requirements to the premises in which the source of ionizing radiation is located. In addition to the analysis of academic papers, the methodology of this research includes the analysis of practical experience in the architectural design and construction of nuclear medicine facilities, as a result of which the authors analyzed space-planning and architectural solutions used in the design and construction of nuclear medicine facilities. As part of this article, the authors present, in particular, an analysis of the experience of personal design of a number of Russian nuclear medicine facilities. Furthermore, special attention in the article is paid to the principles of architectural and planning solutions for children’s medical institutions (in particular, with oncological specialization). The result of the research is to build up a sketch model of the space-planning solution of the nuclear medicine facility as a multi-purpose facility, to determine the principles that affect the formation of space-planning solutions. The research is aimed at forming a space-planning solution for a multi-purpose nuclear medicine facility, taking into account the possibility of increasing its capacity during operation.
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