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The article presents a comprehensive analysis of the applicability and efficiency of basic renewable energy sources (RES) in modern buildings, including high-rise and unique structures. A comparative analysis of key technologies—solar (PV and thermal), wind, geothermal (heat pumps), and bioenergy—was conducted, highlighting their specific advantages as determined by efficiency indicators, COP, capacity factor (CUF), and temperature potential. The selection methodology is implemented as a sequence of iterative steps based on international statistical data (IRENA, IEA), modeling tools, and multi-criteria analysis principles. Key engineering requirements for the external and internal units of solar (photovoltaic and thermal), wind, geothermal systems, and bioenergy are identified. It is established that the selection and design of RES systems are determined by a triad of imperatives: achieving architectural harmony, maximizing energy efficiency, and ensuring safety and durability. A universal solution does not exist, and the efficiency of integration is determined by a combination of factors: climatic conditions, architectural and structural features of the building, and its energy profile. A typology of solutions for different building classes – from mass multi-story construction to skyscrapers – is proposed, with a detailed examination of wind and vibration loads, thermal deformations, and installation logistics. It is proven that for complex facilities, a hybrid approach is optimal, combining, in particular, geothermal heat pumps, building integrated photovoltaics (BIPV), and adapted small wind turbines. The article emphasizes the necessity of interdisciplinary design at the intersection of architecture, energy engineering, and mechanics to create efficient energy-active buildings. The transition from assessing RES potential in general to designing adaptive solutions for specific buildings is a necessary condition for creating energy efficient and carbon neutral buildings. The practical value of the work lies in providing designers and developers with a structured decision-making tool, which contributes to the creation of energy efficient, carbon neutral buildings and a sustainable urban environment.
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23. Kotlyar V., Pishchulina V., Beskopylny A.N., Meskhi B., Popov Y., Efremenko I. Estimation of the Age of Architectural Heritage Objects by Microstructural Changes of Calcite in Lime Mortars of Ancient Brickwork and Masonry. Buildings. 2021. 11. DOI: 10.3390/buildings11060240
24. Shcherban’ E.M., Beskopylny A.N., Stel’makh S.A., Mailyan L.R., Meskhi B., Shilov A.A., Pimenova E., El’shaeva D. Combined Effect of Ceramic Waste Powder Additives and PVA on the Structure and Properties of Geopolymer Concrete Used for Finishing Facades of Buildings. Materials. 2023. 16. DOI: 10.3390/ma16083259
25. Tiraturyan A.N. Relative hysteresis as an indicator of structural condition of pavements. Magazine of Civil Engineering. 2025. 18. DOI: 10.34910/MCE.136.8
26. Tiraturyan A.N. Analysis of strain energy dissipation in reinforced multilayer pavement. Advanced Engineering Research. 2025. 25. P. 324 – 336. DOI: 10.23947/2687-1653-2025-25-4-2184
2. Karamysheva A.A., Arakelyan A.A., Konyakhin V.O., Ivanov N.V. Renewable energy sources in the architecture of high-rise buildings. Engineering Bulletin of the Don. 2018. 3.
3. Karamysheva A. Development of the Architecture of High-Rise Unique Buildings with Renewable Energy Sources. International Conference on Construction and Architecture: Theory and Practice of Industry Development, CATPID 2018. 2018. 931. P. 451 – 454.
4. Semikin P.P., Batsunova T.P. Features of volumetric and spatial solutions for high-rise buildings with renewable energy sources. Proceedings of Higher Educational Institutions. 2015. 1. P. 69 – 76.
5. Generalova E., Generalov V. Periodization of high-rise construction development history. AIP Conference Proceedings. 2023. 020049.
6. Gelfond A.L., Generalova E.M. Forms of spatial interaction between religious and high-rise buildings in the urban architectural environment (foreign experience). Academia. Architecture and Construction. 2023. 2. P. 74 – 84.
7. Roose B. Perovskite Solar Cells. Energies. 2022. 15. DOI: 10.3390/en15176399
8. Alsailani M., Montazeri H., Rezaeiha A. Towards optimal aerodynamic design of wind catchers: Impact of geometrical characteristics. Renewable Energy. 2020. 168. P. 1344 – 1363. DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2020.12.053
9. Kim Y.-J., Yang L., Entchev E., Cho S., Kang E.-C., Lee E.-J. Hybrid Solar Geothermal Heat Pump System Model Demonstration Study. Frontiers in Energy Research. 2022. 9. DOI: 10.3389/fenrg.2021.778501
10. Khudyakov A.Yu., Voronina A.A. Wind power installations in the architecture of civil buildings. Architecture, Urban Planning and Design. 2022. 1. P. 3 – 9.
11. Shumeyko V., Karamysheva A. Prevention of progressive uncontrolled collapse of a high-rise building. MATEC Web of Conferences. 2018. 196. DOI: 10.1051/matecconf/201819602001
12. Mailyan L., Yaziev S., Sabitov L., Konoplev Y., Radaykin O. Stress-strain state of the «combined tower-reinforced concrete foundation-foundation soil» system for high-rise structures. E3S Web of Conferences. 2020. 164. DOI: 10.1051/e3sconf/202016402035
13. Biyik E., Araz M., Hepbasli A., Shahrestani M., Yao R., Shao L., Essah E., Oliveira A., Del Cano T., Rico E., Lechón J., Andrade L., Mendes A., Atlı Y. A key review of building integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) systems. Engineering Science and Technology. 2017. 20. DOI: 10.1016/j.jestch.2017.01.009
14. Abualigah L., Zitar R., Almotairi K., Hussein A., Elsayed A.E.M., Nikoo M.R., Gandomi A. Wind Solar, and Photovoltaic Renewable Energy Systems with and without Energy Storage Optimization: A Survey of Advanced Machine Learning and Deep Learning Techniques. Energies. 2022. 15. DOI: 10.3390/en15020578
15. Topilin I.V., Khan M., Feofilova A.A., Beskopylny N.A. Comparative analysis of neural network and machine learning models for short-term traffic flow forecasting on the Shenzhen Expressway. Advanced Engineering Research. 2025. 25. P. 350 – 362. DOI: 10.23947/2687-1653-2025-25-4-2215
16. Song Y., Fu C., Liang S., Topilin I., Song X. Residual Shear Capacity of Post-Fire RC Beams under Indirect Loading. Buildings. 2023. 13. P. 969. DOI: 10.3390/buildings13040969
17. Almazov V.O., Plotnikov A.I., Rastorguev V.S. Problems of building resistance to progressive collapse. Vestnik MGSU. 2011. 2-1. P. 16 – 20.
18. Elshamy M.M.M., Tiraturyan A.N., Uglova E.V. Evaluation of the elastic modulus of pavement layers using different types of neural networks models. Advanced Engineering Research. 2021. 21. P. 364 – 375. DOI: 10.23947/2687-1653-2021-21-4-364-375
19. Tiraturyan A.N., Lyapin A.A. Amplitude-Frequency Characteristics of Transitions as an Indicator of Structural Condition of Lloyd Media (Example of Highways). Russian Journal of Nondestructive Testing. 2025. 61. P. 538 – 546. DOI: 10.1134/S1061830925700111
20. Mailyan L., Yazyev S., Sabitov L., Konoplev Y., Radaykin O. Stress-strain state of the system «combined tower-reinforced concrete foundation-foundation soil» of high-rise structures. Construction Materials and Products. 2019. 2. P. 29 – 37. DOI: 10.34031/2618-7183-2019-2-6-29-37
21. Tiraturyan A.N., Uglova E.V., Nikolenko D.A., Nikolenko M.A. Model for determining the elastic moduli of road pavement layers. Magazine of Civil Engineering. 2021. 3. DOI: 10.34910/MCE.103.8
22. Pimenova E.V., Shumeiko V.I. The use of transformable systems in the architecture of unique high-rise buildings in the context of sustainable development of society. Engineering Journal of Don. 2019. 1.
23. Kotlyar V., Pishchulina V., Beskopylny A.N., Meskhi B., Popov Y., Efremenko I. Estimation of the Age of Architectural Heritage Objects by Microstructural Changes of Calcite in Lime Mortars of Ancient Brickwork and Masonry. Buildings. 2021. 11. DOI: 10.3390/buildings11060240
24. Shcherban’ E.M., Beskopylny A.N., Stel’makh S.A., Mailyan L.R., Meskhi B., Shilov A.A., Pimenova E., El’shaeva D. Combined Effect of Ceramic Waste Powder Additives and PVA on the Structure and Properties of Geopolymer Concrete Used for Finishing Facades of Buildings. Materials. 2023. 16. DOI: 10.3390/ma16083259
25. Tiraturyan A.N. Relative hysteresis as an indicator of structural condition of pavements. Magazine of Civil Engineering. 2025. 18. DOI: 10.34910/MCE.136.8
26. Tiraturyan A.N. Analysis of strain energy dissipation in reinforced multilayer pavement. Advanced Engineering Research. 2025. 25. P. 324 – 336. DOI: 10.23947/2687-1653-2025-25-4-2184
Karamysheva A.A. Efficiency of applying various types of basic renewable energy sources in modern buildings and structures. Construction Materials and Products. 2026. 9 (4). 10. https://doi.org/10.58224/2618-7183-2026-9-4-10