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Burlachenko O.V.

Doctor of Engineering Sciences (Advanced Doctor), Professor, Volgograd State Technical University, Russia

Dust concentration in the air of roadside areas

https://doi.org/10.58224/2618-7183-2025-8-5-7
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Abstract
The article addresses a pressing issue – air pollution in cities with fine dust particles. This study collected 18 dust samples during spring and autumn periods in various parts of Elista city. Based on the analysis results of the selected dust’s dispersed composition, regression equations were developed, where the dependent variable was the concentration of PM10 and PM2.5, and the independent variables were the distance from the sampling site to the highway and the height of the sampling site from the ground. Samples were collected from window sills and other horizontal surfaces where dust settled from atmospheric air. Thus, the study aimed to critically analyze the patterns of dust composition changes in the air influenced by various factors, excluding the impact of industrial production, which is not widespread in this city. Empirical dependencies of fine dust concentrations of PM10 and PM2.5 fractions on the distance from the road and the height of the sampling site were obtained. A general range of values was obtained for the dust mass distribution function by particle diameters during spring and autumn. The study found that the geometry of the building, its relative position to seasonal winds, and the distance from the road play a much more significant role in the dispersed composition than wind speed, humidity level, or season
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Technological Solutions Ensuring Reliable Operation of Steel Vertical Reservoirs in Seismic Areas

https://doi.org/10.58224/2618-7183-2022-5-5-5-16
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 5-16 p.
Abstract
The article discusses the relevance of reliable operation of vertical steel reservoirs (RVS) in earthquake-prone areas. Based on the analysis of a number of scientific publications, it has been estab-lished that for the safe functioning of large–sized RVS, it is necessary to install anchor devices, the main purpose of which is the transmission of vertical forces arising from an earthquake in the wall to the base. To do this, they must be securely fixed to the wall and the base in order to evenly distribute efforts across the office of the RVS. In some cases, poor-quality connection of the anchor with the RVS leads to significant stresses in the anchors and there is a possibility of both rupture of the housing itself and rupture of the connection of the housing with the bottom of the tank. It is known that large-sized tanks require a massive base and the installation of anchors with a large number of bolts is a very expensive undertaking.
The article discusses the most common variants of anchors that are used in practice, lists some of their disadvantages and suggests an improved version based on the analysis of scientific publications. The authors present their own development – a modified version of the anchor device, the corresponding design solutions are given and the technology of the device is described. In addition, it was noted the need to increase the bearing capacity of the soils of the RVS foundation, constructed in earthquake-prone areas using geocomposite materials. It is emphasized that the required number and length of an-chor devices, as well as the choice of geocomposite material for soil hardening should be justified by appropriate calculations. It is concluded that in order to ensure reliable operational characteristics of RVS located in seismically hazardous areas, the installation of anchors, despite attracting additional financial resources, is a prerequisite, since in the event of a spill of petroleum products, the restoration of biogeocenosis requires more than one decade and involves enormous material costs.
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THE USE OF COMPOSITE MATERIALS IN RECONSTRUCTION OF FLOORS OF INDUSTRIAL BUILDINGS

https://doi.org/10.34031/2618-7183-2019-2-3-58-64
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 58-64 p.
Abstract
The article discusses the relevance of the use of composite materials in the reconstruction of exposed to heavy loads of concrete and reinforced concrete floors of industrial buildings. It is noted that at the present stage of development of the construction industry special attention is paid to the use of steel fibreconcrete, as this material allows with minimal material and labor costs to carry out work on the reconstruction of industrial floors. The novelty of this study is the use as an adhesive between the existing floor, which is to be restored and strengthened, and the newly laid steel-fiber concrete layer of polymer-bitumen composite material with the addition of cement and graphite powder, previously obtained by the authors experimentally. This material with the required thickness is also a structural layer for leveling the surface of the lower layer, reducing friction under the sole of the upper steel-fiber concrete layer and the existing floor. The paper presents the technology of work in the reconstruction. The composition of the steel-fiber concrete layer is adopted on the basis of studies by other authors. Despite the fact that the experiments proved the solidity and strength of the reconstruction of the floor by the developed technology, the article notes that the final characteristics of the proposed floor design and technology can be identified only during operation, which can be the basis for further research on optimizing the thickness of the layers proposed for use of composite materials. For the evaluation of economic efficiency of application of these composite materials in the reconstruction of the concrete floors in the course of the experiment, there are revealed some figures for labor and material costs.
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