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Semenova M.Yu.

Candidate of Philological Sciences (Ph.D.), Associate Professor, Don State Technical University, Chair of the Integrative and Digital Linguistics Department

Technical aesthetics of stained glass panels for the modern architectural paradigm of Southern Russia

https://doi.org/10.58224/2618-7183-2024-7-5-9
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Abstract
The construction sector consumes more than half of the energy generated in Russia. Therefore, practical application of energy-efficient and aesthetic construction products is highly required. The article aims at looking into the way to enhance characteristics of the double-glazed window, which is an energy-saving product in a building that regulates the amount of light energy indoors and affects the amount of heat loss in winter. Until now, this function has been the main one for double-glazed windows. Secondary, but no less important, is the aesthetic appearance of the double-glazed window. The study is based on the experimental data obtained through the ramp-hold programme according to COE 96 as well as through the comprehensive analysis of six glass types manufactured by Oceanside Glass & Tile®. As a result, the study discusses characteristics of stained glass that can be used for Tiffany technique inserts in a window opening. Such stained glass panels throughout the entire historical path have demonstrated sublime beauty and lightness, both indoors and outdoors. Modern technologies allow us to take the art of stained glass and its adaptation in modern double-glazed windows to a new level. Finally, special attention is paid to the aesthetics of stained glass panels for the modern architectural paradigm of Southern Russia.
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Properties of Verkhnealkunsky deposit mudstones used as raw materials to manufacture clinker tiles

https://doi.org/10.58224/2618-7183-2024-7-3-7
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Abstract
The article writes about the development of mudstone-based raw material compositions used to manufacture clinker tiles with improved physical and technical properties. Clinker tiles are one of the popular roofing materials. Compared to other roofing covering options, clinker tiles have higher strength, more resistance to aggressive environments, and better aesthetic characteristics. Clinker tile production is relevant due to the fact that currently architects and building constructors are showing great interest in such an elite roofing material, but due to the economic situation, this roofing material is no longer imported to Russia, with an empty market niche having been formed. Many Russian brick factories are planning to install additional technological lines to manufacture ceramic tiles, but the current demand is to produce clinker tiles. The main unresolved issue concerns raw materials since traditional raw materials – loams and clays – are very rarely suitable for the production of low-temperature sintering clinker tiles. Having studied a large amount of academic literature and carried out the necessary laboratory studies, the authors of this article, under the guidance of the Chair of the Construction Materials Department, Prof. V.D. Kotlyar, pay serious attention to such raw materials as mudstones from the Verkhnealkunsky deposit of the Russian Republic of Ingushetia. The article provides a general description of mudstones, including their chemical and mineral composition as well as their structural features for the production of clinker tiles. It has been experimentally established that the degree of their grinding has a significant influence on technological properties of both mudstones and the end products. Based on raw material mixtures with a grain composition of 0-0.16 and 0-0.08 mm, it is possible to manufacture clinker tiles using the extrusion molding method without introducing corrective additives. The data obtained will make it possible to develop technological regulations to manufacture clinker tiles based on Verkhnealkunsky deposit mudstones.
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Dry masonry mixtures based on siliceous opal-cristobalite rocks for clinker bricks

https://doi.org/10.58224/2618-7183-2024-7-2-5
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Abstract
Clinker bricks have always attracted consumers with their high physical and mechanical characteristics: strength, dense structure, frost resistance, low water absorption values. In recent years, enterprises producing ceramic materials have begun to look for the opportunity to produce these products in Russia. With increased demand for clinker bricks, a technology has emerged for creating large-sized clinker stones which feature increased voids – 60-80%, an average density of 450-700 kg/m3 and thermal conductivity of 0.8-0.11 W/(m•°C), and a compressive strength of 10-30 MPa. The use of such wall products in construction projects predetermines specific building mixtures for masonry work that would meet the required values for strength, water absorption, vapor permeability and, at the same time, would have reduced thermal conductivity characteristics. To develop such masonry mortars, it is necessary to select the grain composition of quartz sand for building mixtures to ensure structural strength indicators. Thus, the research aims at finding lightweight aggregate and increasing porosity in order to improve the heat-shielding properties of clinker brick masonry and clinker high-hollow large-sized blocks.
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Molding properties of clay mixtures in the soft mud brick manufacture

https://doi.org/10.58224/2618-7183-2024-7-1-5
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Abstract
The article reveals physical and mechanical characteristics of clay mixtures in the soft mud brick manifacture. Considering that currently Russia has no advisory or regulatory documents on the selection of raw materials for soft mud bricks and requirements for their physical and mechanical properties, this issue is quite relevant. The authors, based on their extensive practical experience, present data on acceptable ranges of clay mixtures deformation and critical compressive stress in the soft mud brick manufacture, as well as the results of studies on the influence of electrolyte additives on these indicators. The findings of how the mineral composition of clay raw materials and moisture con-tent influence the critical compressive stress and stickiness of clay mixtures are also presented. Thus, it has been experimentally established that the critical compressive stress of clay mixtures for soft mud bricks should be in the range of 0.2 – 0.8 kg/cm2, and the deformation degree of raw bricks should be in the range of 3 – 5 units. Moreover, even within such narrow limits, depending on their variation as well as on the method of molding and the composition of clay mixtures, it is possible to obtain differ-ent structures of the brick front surface: granular, tuberculate, grooved, wavy, corrugated, spotted, scaly, and their combinations. The moisture content of clay mixtures, depending on the type of clay raw material, can vary within very wide limits: from 20 to 38 per cent. The data obtained will make it possible to develop methods for selecting raw materials for soft mud bricks, which in turn will con-tribute to the organization of its wide production in various regions.
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