One of the urgent tasks in the field of building materials science is to provide the construction complex with various types of environmentally friendly, reliable and energy-saving materials, the production and use of which will contribute to solving the problem of anthropogenic impact on the environment through the use of little-used technogenic raw materials. In the current conditions of import substitution, it is necessary to use the existing technological base to increase the volume of production of affordable, highly efficient, environmentally friendly traditional building materials, including using the existing raw materials base of the regions. In the market of building materials, structural wall materials of hydration hardening obtained using Portland cement as a binder are widely represented. However, silicate materials occupy not a small market share. It is known that pressed silicate materials of dense structure have fairly good strength indicators, but their thermophysical characteristics are low. A decrease in the average density of dense silicate products can be achieved by introducing various pore-forming components, such as hollow microspheres, into the raw material mass. The paper shows that the use of hollow aluminosilicate microspheres in the technology of obtaining silicate materials of dense structure based on unconventional aluminosilicate raw materials with energy-saving parameters of autoclave synthesis (water vapor pressure 0.4 MPa) and under conditions of heat and humidity treatment at atmospheric pressure allows to obtain a building composite with improved thermophysical and acoustic properties. Introduction to the raw mixture of aluminosilicate microspheres in the amount of 10-60 wt. % allows you to reduce the value of the average density index to 45%. The value of the compressive strength index of such samples, depending on the composition and hardening conditions, is 7-21.5 MPa at their average density of 920-1610 kg /m3, respectively.