Effective management of municipal solid waste (MSW) is a comprehensive problem that appears among the highest priorities on the global environmental agenda. In 2015 and 2022, a landfill filtrate was studied at a landfill for the disposal of solid household waste in the Leningrad region (Russia) to determine the content of various chemical and toxic substances. By comparative analysis of the monitoring results, it was revealed that landfill soil is extremely dangerous. The excess of the maxi-mum permissible concentrations of heavy metals in the filtrate ranged from 2.5 to 67.5 times. This paper presents the results of the analysis of landfill filtrate taken in 2022 from sanitary protection zones and compared with previous data. It was found that the danger associated with the landfill of municipal solid waste is that chemical and biochemical processes occurring between the various com-ponents of landfill filtrates lead to the formation of toxic compounds and are a source of infectious infections. Regional differences and a shortage of effective international instruments often hinder the solution of this problem, making it difficult to develop and apply innovative mechanisms. These con-ditions act as determining factors in the development of state programs for socio-economic develop-ment, particularly in Russia. Political and legal initiatives that have been adopted, in particular those that are part of nation-scale projects, have not yet received impulses for full-fledged practical imple-mentation.