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Keywords: road construction

EFFICIENCY OF STABILIZERS OF VARIOUS COMPOSITION FOR STRENGTHENING THE SOIL WITH A MINERAL BINDER

https://doi.org/10.34031/2618-7183-2020-3-1-30-38
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 30-38 p.
Abstract
The depletion of natural deposits of traditional inert mineral raw materials (sand, gravel) used to create effective layers of the foundations of roads leads to the development and application of new technologies and alternative materials. One way to solve this problem is to use local raw materials. For the construction of the lower layer of the road basement local soils are often used. However, their use is associated with the development of a set of measures to increase their efficiency, such as stabilization (by the use of chemical additives) and/or strengthening (by the introduction of various types of binders). In this regard, the paper analyzes the physicomechanical characteristics of reinforced clay soils obtained by introduction of various types of stabilizing additives in the presence of an inorganic mineral binder of hydration hardening type - cement - taking into account the recommendations for the used additives. The object of research was the most common representative of clay soils of the Belgorod region – heavy dusty clay loam. As a result of the studies, the authors established the reasonability of the use of the additives in the presence of cement, the most effective compositions of the reinforced soil were identified, contributing to the improvement of its controlled physical and mechanical characteristics. In addition, the need for additional studies to adjust the recommended composition of reinforced soil was established.
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SOME NEW TECHNOLOGIES IN ROAD CONSTRUCTION

https://doi.org/10.34031/2618-7183-2020-3-1-62-69
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 62-69 p.
Abstract
This article discusses some new modern technologies in the construction of highways. The paper analyzes the use of such innovations as: various modifiers added to bitumen; advanced technologies of engineering surveys and computer-aided design of highways; geosynthetic materials for reinforcing the roadbed and asphalt concrete pavement; PBB; bituminous polymer road belts; geotextile; foam-glass rubble; rubber crumb. The advantages of using innovations in road construction are highlighted. Obstacles to the use of certain technologies are noted, taking into account the Russian reality.
The author concludes that the use of innovative materials becomes economically justified at the stage of construction and subsequent operation of the road surface. New technologies can not only improve the quality of roads, but also improve road safety.
Innovations lead to progressive changes and ensure the dynamic development of the construction industry, primarily by reducing the cost and timing of construction, improving the quality of constructed facilities, and improving the comfort of living and operation.
The paper discusses classical methods for the design works of the foundation and the GM made a review of modern structures and technologies on their device. In order to assess the possibility of using linear calculation for sheet piling fences, deep pit modeling was performed in the SCAD and PLAXIS software systems.
The results of the work are the following conclusions:
1. the method of increasing the efficiency of technologies at the device walling of the pit is proposed;
2. a finite element model of soil and GM collaboration was created.
To evaluate the effectiveness of the options, we used decision-making methods based on optimization criteria, taking into account the degree of risks involved in the work.
It is established that the necessary factor is the geotechnical support of technological impacts, which allows monitoring of works on the degree of safety and impact on highways.
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INFLUENCE OF THE GENETIC FEATURES OF SOILS ON THE PROPERTIES OF SOIL-CONCRETES ON THEIR BASIS

https://doi.org/10.34031/2618-7183-2018-1-1-69-77
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 69-77 p.
Abstract
In order to form strong soil-concrete structures in parallel with the introduction of binder, an additive with a multicomponent composition that is activating the structure-forming process should be applied. Such addi-tive is usually called stabilizer of soil, its introduction allows achieving a positive effect for soils with a high proportion of finely dispersed fraction in its composition.
The article considers the main aspects of use in road construction of complex soil reinforcement by introducing a stabilizer and binding component. This technology will solve the problems of deficiency of high-quality traditional raw materials, lead to better physical and mechanical properties, increase labor productivity and reduce production costs.
As a result of the carried out studies, principles for improving the quality characteristics of reinforced soil were developed, taking into account the mineral composition of clay raw materials. As the main hypothesis of the study an increase in the hydrophobicity of stabilized soil by blocking the hydrophilic centers of clay rocks should be marked. This circumstance helps to reduce the consumption of cement in the reinforced soil without reducing the operational and physical-mechanical characteristics.
The dependence of the degree of effectiveness of the introduced stabilizing additive on the structural and chemical characteristics of clay rocks has been established, which decreases from montmorillonite and X-ray amorphous phases to kaolinite. Mixed layered formations, illite and chlorite act as intermediate minerals. Aluminosilicates act as the filler in this system that do not come into contact with the molecules of the stabilizer. To assess the degree of efficiency of interaction of the components of a soil-concrete mixture as an integral indicator it is necessary to use the cationic capacity of the soil.
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