Keywords: ecology

ESG-security of Urban Economy in the Concept of Sustainable Development

https://doi.org/10.58224/2618-7183-2023-6-3-47-58
Abstract
The article considers the importance of ESG-security of the urban economy, reveals the relevance of this area of research, analyzes foreign and domestic environmental standards. Also, an analysis was made of the use of certification in the Russian market, the territories where "green" objects predominate were considered, and it was also considered what results "green" construction brought to these objects. Within the framework of scientific work, an analysis of the attitude of the state to envi-ronmental safety was carried out using the developed standards and national projects as an example, and improvement measures were proposed.
The development of cities is accompanied by constant construction. This development cannot be stopped; accordingly, it is impossible to stop the expansion of territories through construction, which in one way or another implies an impact on the environment. But this impact can be minimized and balanced with the help of "green" building. It will help reduce the risk of environmental pollution and the negative impact on the person himself. Understanding the need to create ESG security will help prevent an environmental crisis.
Awareness of the state of ecology today is present both among the population and the state, which is a positive trend on the way to improving the environment and people's lives. Despite the fact that this understanding has appeared relatively recently, it is actively gaining popularity abroad and in Russia, however, it must be instilled, including in the population at the regional and local levels, and not only in large cities. It must be learned that the use of environmentally friendly consumables in construction will help create a better future for us and future generations, without requiring large investments.
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Ecological Safety of Construction in the Concept of Sustainable Development

https://doi.org/10.58224/2618-7183-2023-6-1-5-17
Abstract
The article describes the importance of following global trends in the field of ESG transformation, reveals the relevance of this direction, and also describes the basic principles of ESG in the construction industry. Based on the analysis of research in this area, the main reasons that impede the promotion of the principles of sustainable development of construction companies are identified. Par-ticular attention is paid to the environmental aspect, a comparison of "green" standards is carried out and the main directions for the development of ESG in construction are highlighted.
In the 21st century, the main trend in the construction industry of the leading countries of the world has been the development of environmentally friendly technologies and "green" design. With the de-velopment of information technology, the life of people, primarily those living in megacities, is be-coming more comfortable.
They become more informed about the methods of a healthy lifestyle, including the use of environ-mentally friendly products in their life. People prefer such places of residence, where materials harm-less to the body are used in construction. In the foreign practice of industrialized countries, when de-signing buildings and structures, preference is always given to natural materials or products of their processing. The advantage of buildings made of natural materials is, along with their compliance with environmental requirements, that they allow you to create a healthy space in the building area.
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ANALYSIS OF COMFORT OF THE LIVING ENVIRONMENT IN ST. PETERSBURG DURING THE SOVIET PERIOD OF HOUSING CONSTRUCTION FROM 1926 TO THE 1980S.

https://doi.org/10.58224/2618-7183-2022-5-3-55-65
Abstract
The article examines the architectural and urban environment of St. Petersburg.
The aim of the work is to analyze and classify (typology) housing of the Soviet period (from the 1930s to the 1980s) to determine the compliance with the sustainable development of the territory (comfort and favorable urban environment), which is necessary for further reconstruction of the development of St. Petersburg.
The article considered the Kirovsky district (Nevskaya Zastava), as an example of the residential environment of St. Petersburg, as one of the oldest districts of the city, but with modern quarters present in it. Various types of living environment are widely represented at each of the stages of its development in the area. But the most capacious of the periods is the Soviet one from the 1930s to the 1980s, it is distinguished by a variety of types of housing development not only in this area, but throughout the city. This confirms the correctness of the period chosen for the analysis.
To achieve this goal, the existing systems for assessing the stability and comfort of the territory were analyzed, their main shortcomings and problems in use were described. International examples of urban areas that have a high rating or score in these systems are considered. The positive characteristics of the quarters from the point of view of the architectural and urban planning aspect are highlighted.
The results obtained make it possible to develop a model of a comfortable quarter or district and apply it as an assessment or methodology for determining the conformity between the comfort and favorableness of the urban environment. Which was clearly described on the example of the Soviet period of building up the quarters of the Kirovsky district in the city of St. Petersburg.
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FEATURES OF ASSESSMENT OF ANTHROPOGENIC LOADS ON NATURAL COMPLEXES

https://doi.org/10.34031/2618-7183-2019-2-5-19-24
Abstract
The article describes the problems of assessing the anthropogenic impact of human activity on natural com-plexes surrounding urbanized territories.
Among the main research tasks are development of methodological foundations for assessing the quantitative and qualitative composition at anthropogenic impact on natural complexes surrounding urban areas.
The main method of this research include a dialectical approach that focuses on generally accepted logical research methods (analysis, systematic approach, generalization) and their synthesis using relevant information materials.
The author considered various methods of assessing the impact of various factors on the environment, and also carried out the examination of urban decisions related to the appointment of a category (status) the natural resources included in the urban environment in Moscow.
The Russian capital is a European metropolis, the largest city-millionaire in Europe and a typical object of research to identify the effects of various anthropogenic factors. The implementation at economic activity in the metropolis is accompanied by the emergence of problems, the solution of which has not been found yet.
Analysis of methods for assessing the impact at the various factors on the environment was carried out taking into account the provisions in regulatory documents governing the appointment for protected areas urban environment. Provisions of regulatory documents and decisions of executive authorities designed to use natural (forest) resources in urban environments.
The absence of approved methods for assessing certain types of land plots with a protected status was identified.
The main factors affecting the quality of biogeocenosis were identified. The main features of the application methods for assessing the status and possibility in recreational development in territories of varying degrees at development are considered.
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