English
Русский 55-65 p.
The article examines the architectural and urban environment of St. Petersburg.
The aim of the work is to analyze and classify (typology) housing of the Soviet period (from the 1930s to the 1980s) to determine the compliance with the sustainable development of the territory (comfort and favorable urban environment), which is necessary for further reconstruction of the development of St. Petersburg.
The article considered the Kirovsky district (Nevskaya Zastava), as an example of the residential environment of St. Petersburg, as one of the oldest districts of the city, but with modern quarters present in it. Various types of living environment are widely represented at each of the stages of its development in the area. But the most capacious of the periods is the Soviet one from the 1930s to the 1980s, it is distinguished by a variety of types of housing development not only in this area, but throughout the city. This confirms the correctness of the period chosen for the analysis.
To achieve this goal, the existing systems for assessing the stability and comfort of the territory were analyzed, their main shortcomings and problems in use were described. International examples of urban areas that have a high rating or score in these systems are considered. The positive characteristics of the quarters from the point of view of the architectural and urban planning aspect are highlighted.
The results obtained make it possible to develop a model of a comfortable quarter or district and apply it as an assessment or methodology for determining the conformity between the comfort and favorableness of the urban environment. Which was clearly described on the example of the Soviet period of building up the quarters of the Kirovsky district in the city of St. Petersburg.
The aim of the work is to analyze and classify (typology) housing of the Soviet period (from the 1930s to the 1980s) to determine the compliance with the sustainable development of the territory (comfort and favorable urban environment), which is necessary for further reconstruction of the development of St. Petersburg.
The article considered the Kirovsky district (Nevskaya Zastava), as an example of the residential environment of St. Petersburg, as one of the oldest districts of the city, but with modern quarters present in it. Various types of living environment are widely represented at each of the stages of its development in the area. But the most capacious of the periods is the Soviet one from the 1930s to the 1980s, it is distinguished by a variety of types of housing development not only in this area, but throughout the city. This confirms the correctness of the period chosen for the analysis.
To achieve this goal, the existing systems for assessing the stability and comfort of the territory were analyzed, their main shortcomings and problems in use were described. International examples of urban areas that have a high rating or score in these systems are considered. The positive characteristics of the quarters from the point of view of the architectural and urban planning aspect are highlighted.
The results obtained make it possible to develop a model of a comfortable quarter or district and apply it as an assessment or methodology for determining the conformity between the comfort and favorableness of the urban environment. Which was clearly described on the example of the Soviet period of building up the quarters of the Kirovsky district in the city of St. Petersburg.
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4. Yazyeva S.B., Seferyan L.A., Oparina L.A., Golubeva A.Y. Greening technology organization of multi-storey buildings, in the reconstruction of architectural and planning solutions with the use of modern building materials. International Conference on Construction and Architecture: Theory and Practice of Industry Development, CATPID. 2018. 931. P. 883 – 888.
5. Sukhinina E.A. Formation of an energy-saving architectural and urban environment based on environmental standards. Architecture and Modern Information Technologies. 2021. 4 (57). P. 355 – 376. (rus.)
6. Petrovskaya E.I., Ageikin A.D., Mannanova L.M. Prototyping methodology for the formation of a spatially comfortable building (on the example of the works of masters of the MARCHI). Architecture and Modern Information Technologies. 2020. 2 (51). P. 197 – 236. (rus.)
7. Pasechnik I.L. Classification of ordinary development of Saint Petersburg in system of urban development regulation. Reconstruction and Restoration of Architectural Heritage 2020. 2020. 1. 286 p.
8. Ovcharenko D.D. Inheritance of urban planning traditions in the design of the Leningrad residential environment of the 1960s-80s: diss. ... cand. architecture. Saint Petersburg: SPbSUCE, 2014. 309 p. (rus.)
9. Moiser F., Zadorin D. To the typology of the Soviet typical housing construction. Industrial housing construction in the USSR 1955-1991. Berlin: Dom-publishers, 2014. 448 p. (rus.)
10. Molotkova E.G., Lavrov L.L., Surovenkov A.V. On evaluating the condition of the Saint-Petersburg historic center. Architecture and Engineering. 2020. 3 (5). P. 29 – 42.
11. Drizhapolova N.M., Supranovich V.M. Principles of integrated development in blocks reconstruction of the historical center of Saint Petersburg. Reconstruction and Restoration of Architectural Heritage 2021. 2021. 1. 418 p.
12. Scharf B., Kraus F. Green roofs and greenpass. Buildings. 2019. 9. 205 p.
13. Larsen O.A., Samchenko S.V., Naruts V.V., Aleksandrova O.V., Bulgakov B.I. Environmental aspects of dismantling of old buildings during the reconstruction in Moscow. International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference Surveying Geology and Mining Ecology Management, SGEM. 2019. 19. P. 115 – 122.
14. Trofimov K.S., Klyukin I.M. Problems of post-industrial urban development. Contemporary Problems of Architecture and Construction Edition. 2020. 1. 484 p.
15. Copiello S., Donati E. Is investing in energy efficiency worth it? Evidence for substantial price premiums but limited profitability in the housing sector. Energy and Buildings. 2021. 251. P. 111371.
16. Avilova I.P., Krygina A.M., Krygina N.M., Koshlich Y.A., Oberemok M.I. Reconstruction of college campuses based on green building principles. International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference Surveying Geology and Mining Ecology Management, SGEM. 2020. 4.1. P. 169 – 176.
17. Kuznetsova O.V. Creative Industries Development in Russia: A Way to Transform the Urban Environment. International Conference on Engineering Innovations and Sustainable Development. 2021. 210. P. 545 – 553.
18. Petrovič F., Murgaš F. Description Relationship between Urban Space and Quality of Urban Life. A Geographical Approach. Land. 2021. 1012. P. 1337.
2. Ovcharenko D.D., Grishin S.F. About the European experience of preserving mass residential development of industrial housing construction. Bulletin of Civil Engineers. 2012. 61 (35). P. 8 – 13. (rus.)
3. Kraus M. Green construction as essential approach in sustainable design: Comprehensive review. International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference Surveying Geology and Mining Ecology Management, SGEM. 2019. 19. P. 465 – 470.
4. Yazyeva S.B., Seferyan L.A., Oparina L.A., Golubeva A.Y. Greening technology organization of multi-storey buildings, in the reconstruction of architectural and planning solutions with the use of modern building materials. International Conference on Construction and Architecture: Theory and Practice of Industry Development, CATPID. 2018. 931. P. 883 – 888.
5. Sukhinina E.A. Formation of an energy-saving architectural and urban environment based on environmental standards. Architecture and Modern Information Technologies. 2021. 4 (57). P. 355 – 376. (rus.)
6. Petrovskaya E.I., Ageikin A.D., Mannanova L.M. Prototyping methodology for the formation of a spatially comfortable building (on the example of the works of masters of the MARCHI). Architecture and Modern Information Technologies. 2020. 2 (51). P. 197 – 236. (rus.)
7. Pasechnik I.L. Classification of ordinary development of Saint Petersburg in system of urban development regulation. Reconstruction and Restoration of Architectural Heritage 2020. 2020. 1. 286 p.
8. Ovcharenko D.D. Inheritance of urban planning traditions in the design of the Leningrad residential environment of the 1960s-80s: diss. ... cand. architecture. Saint Petersburg: SPbSUCE, 2014. 309 p. (rus.)
9. Moiser F., Zadorin D. To the typology of the Soviet typical housing construction. Industrial housing construction in the USSR 1955-1991. Berlin: Dom-publishers, 2014. 448 p. (rus.)
10. Molotkova E.G., Lavrov L.L., Surovenkov A.V. On evaluating the condition of the Saint-Petersburg historic center. Architecture and Engineering. 2020. 3 (5). P. 29 – 42.
11. Drizhapolova N.M., Supranovich V.M. Principles of integrated development in blocks reconstruction of the historical center of Saint Petersburg. Reconstruction and Restoration of Architectural Heritage 2021. 2021. 1. 418 p.
12. Scharf B., Kraus F. Green roofs and greenpass. Buildings. 2019. 9. 205 p.
13. Larsen O.A., Samchenko S.V., Naruts V.V., Aleksandrova O.V., Bulgakov B.I. Environmental aspects of dismantling of old buildings during the reconstruction in Moscow. International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference Surveying Geology and Mining Ecology Management, SGEM. 2019. 19. P. 115 – 122.
14. Trofimov K.S., Klyukin I.M. Problems of post-industrial urban development. Contemporary Problems of Architecture and Construction Edition. 2020. 1. 484 p.
15. Copiello S., Donati E. Is investing in energy efficiency worth it? Evidence for substantial price premiums but limited profitability in the housing sector. Energy and Buildings. 2021. 251. P. 111371.
16. Avilova I.P., Krygina A.M., Krygina N.M., Koshlich Y.A., Oberemok M.I. Reconstruction of college campuses based on green building principles. International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference Surveying Geology and Mining Ecology Management, SGEM. 2020. 4.1. P. 169 – 176.
17. Kuznetsova O.V. Creative Industries Development in Russia: A Way to Transform the Urban Environment. International Conference on Engineering Innovations and Sustainable Development. 2021. 210. P. 545 – 553.
18. Petrovič F., Murgaš F. Description Relationship between Urban Space and Quality of Urban Life. A Geographical Approach. Land. 2021. 1012. P. 1337.
Yurkevich V.M. Analysis of comfort of the living environment in St. Petersburg during the Soviet period of housing construction from 1926 to the 1980s. Construction Materials and Products. 2022. 5 (3). P. 55 – 65. https://doi.org/10.58224/2618-7183-2022-5-3-55-65