The article analyzes the influence of cultural, social, religious, scientific and technical factors on the historical development, current status and future directions of development of the architecture of medical institutions in Yemen. The research attempted to study the features of the work of medical institutions in Yemen. The study begins with a description of the literature on a general overview of the location, geographic sections, climate and economy of the port city of Yemen. The study describes the problems and factors that influence the design of medical institutions in Yemen. The current situation demonstrates a tendency towards centralization of attention on the patient himself and the doctor-patient system. The hospital should create the most comfortable conditions for the patient, and the medical staff acts as consultants. That is, patients should receive maximum attention, sympathy and psychological assistance. Based on this position, architectural decisions should take into account the relationship between the doctor and the patient. The architectural design of medical facilities in hot climates should be carried out taking into account the regional characteristics of the environment. The choice of a construction site for the architectural and planning organization of a network of medical institutions for children and adults must be made based on the general conditions for the development of the city and its suburban area. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study are the provisions and conclusions of the works of domestic and foreign scientists in the field of development of the architecture of medical institutions. The research used materials from scientific seminars and conferences. In the process of research, a systematic approach and logical analysis methods were used. The scientific literature notes that the modern concept of the formation of the architectural and spatial environment of urban hospitals is associated with modern medical technologies, as well as with the increasing role of medical institutions at the present stage.