2023

Archives Journal Construction Materials and Products Vol. 6

Folded Structures in Architecture – The Forgotten Past or the Fashion Returns?

https://doi.org/10.58224/2618-7183-2023-6-1-43-59
Abstract
The article deals with modern trends in the development of folded structures in architecture. The periods of emergence and development of folded structures in foreign and domestic design practice have been studied. In the process of writing the article various methods were used to study and analyze folded structures (FR): a comprehensive analysis of design materials, photofixation, review of professional literature, publications. The objects of Soviet and Russian design experience and objects of foreign practice were selected for the analysis. The total number of objects of analysis is more than 40; the objects presented in the article are 26. On the basis of this study the task was set: to determine the directions in the development of SC in architecture for the near future.
At present, the interest in the folded structures has been revived. As a result of studies of SC in differ-ent time periods, from the beginning of their appearance to the present day, we can say that the folded structures "fashion returns". There are two trends in modern design with the use of SC. The first trend: a new round in the development of SC of long-span roofs and walls, and now there is a powerful basis in the form of programming complex structures to implement the creative potential of SC in the archi-tecture, there are innovative building materials and technologies for the implementation of the object. The second direction is related to the use of folded structures as façade folding elements, working ex-clusively to create a unique appearance of the building. Buildings using folded structures and elements become examples for a variety of contemporary styles in architecture. It is safe to say that folded structures are relevant in contemporary architecture. The use of folded structures and architectural folding elements provides great scope for the implementation of bold architectural ideas and the crea-tion of unique, individual architectural forms, volumes of buildings and structures for buildings of dif-ferent functions.
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Development of Alkali-activated Binders based on Technogenic Fibrous Materials

https://doi.org/10.58224/2618-7183-2023-6-1-60-73
Abstract
The paper discusses the development of alkali-activated binders based on technogenic fibrous materials. An approach to the secondary use of technogenic fibrous materials as a filler of composite binders is offered. The properties of mineral wool waste have been established. The microstructure of finely ground fibrous particles has been studied. Compositions of alkali-activated binders were de-veloped, when grinding basalt insulation production waste to a specific surface of 300-330 m2 /kg, followed by the formation of a binder according to the first method with rod tamping sealing and, ac-cording to the second, by pressing a raw binder mixture at a pressure of 10 MPa. The developed com-positions of alkali–activated binder by pressing with a compressive strength of 22.8 MPa, and when compacted with subsequent rod tamping – 11.8 MPa.
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Сompositional analysis: the project of the III Communist International Monument (Tatlin Tower)

https://doi.org/10.58224/2618-7183-2023-6-1-74-83
Abstract
The authors of the article broadcast information about the study of the compositional activity of architects of Soviet Russia in the 20s of the XX century. in line with the trend of "constructivism". The study of three-dimensional architectural composition is considered by the authors as the separation of the "indivisible whole" (integrity – the law of composition) and "unchangeable for further im-provement" (it is impossible to make changes without deterioration of the already created, completed composition) artificially created object – organism of universal laws and means. The authors believe that the study of high–class Heritage samples is based on the separation of formal (composite) ele-ments (contrast, plastic, texture, plane – volume, rhythm, modular divisions, construction, engineering materials, walls, floors, ceilings, fasteners, etc.) from an artificially created composite organism. The analysis allows you to develop compositional thinking, taste and teaches you to understand the course and origins of the Master's compositional thought. The study of the formal (compositional) sphere of the Heritage of the classics of modernity and past eras allows you to build the path of the author's work on the project, avoiding mistakes and disappointments.
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