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Keywords: architecture

POST-PANDEMIC URBANISM IS THE CURRENT REALITY

https://doi.org/10.58224/2618-7183-2022-5-4-50-60
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 50-60 p.
Abstract
The article discusses current problems and trends in the development of post-pandemic living spaces of the future. Growth of population affects the increase in demand for development of new areas. The 21st century is a period of innovative ideas, whereby society will rethink, improve and transform the environment to ensure high-quality living standards for the population. Architecture is characterized by continuity from the surrounding world. The main goal of the project is to reveal criteria of architectural space, which will allow mankind to live in a comfortable environment, even in a period of forced critical conditions. After studying the theoretical basis, there was a need for a comparative analysis of modern residential facilities and in determining general trends in construction. Analysis of volume-planning structure and architectural project of living spaces in recent years helped to formulate directions in the development of the post-pandemic city. The hypothesis was formed during the research, which suggests that the increase in the number of ideas about cities of the future contribute to safety and adaptability, harmonious visual appearance, the development of modern technologies. The thought movement is expanding, which is helping to build cities over the next 20 to 30 years. This work can become the basis for conceptualizing and systematizing the vision of post-pandemic urbanism.
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HISTORICAL RESEARCH OF MODERNISM IN AFRICAN ARCHITECTURE OF LOW-RISE SOCIAL HOUSING

https://doi.org/10.34031/2618-7183-2020-3-2-55-62
 55-63 p.
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to examine the emergence of modernism as a cultural response to the conditions of modernity to change the way people live, work and react to the world around them. In this regard, the following tasks were formulated: 1) study the development of modernism on the world stage, 2) identify its universal features, and 3) analyze how the independence of Central and sub-Saharan Africa in the 1950s and 1960s coincided with a particularly bright period of modernist architecture in the region, when many young countries studied and asserted their identity in art. The article analyzes several objects of modernist architecture in Africa: urban development projects in Casablanca (Morocco), Asmara (Eritrea), Ngambo (Tanzania). The main features and characteristics of modernism which were manifested in the African architecture of the XX century are also formulated. It is concluded that African modernism is developed in line with the international modernist trend. It is also summarized that modernism which differs from previous artistic styles and turned out to be a radical revolution in art is their natural successor.
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DIAGNOSTICS OF THE TECHNICAL CONDITION OF THE HISTORICAL BUILDING AT THE ADDRESS: MOSCOW, 2ND VOLKONSKY LANE, 5, P. 1.

https://doi.org/10.34031/2618-7183-2020-3-1-104-110
 104-110 p.
Abstract
This article discusses the restoration of a historical building, which is an extremely responsible and important work to preserve the valuable Fund of historical buildings in Moscow. With the participation of the author, the work was performed to diagnose the technical condition of the historical building and develop technical solutions for restoring structural elements of the building that have lost their original properties. A set of measures to determine and evaluate the actual values of controlled parameters that characterize the performance of the object of inspection and determine the possibility of its further operation, reconstruction or the need to restore, strengthen, repair, and includes a survey of the soil base and building structures to identify changes in soil properties, deformation damage, defects of load-bearing structures and determine their actual load-bearing capacity.
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ARCHITECTURE PLANNING AND DESIGN CONCEPTS OF PRIMARY HEALTH CARE INSTITUTIONS IN YEMEN

https://doi.org/10.34031/2618-7183-2019-2-6-50-57
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 50-57 p.
Abstract
This article discusses the main aspects of the location of primary health care facilities in Yemen. We studied the requirements directly for the site of such medical care institutions. It is also revealed how to determine the correct orientation of the building center. In addition, the functional components and construction sites of primary care facilities are described. The components of a medical center include: the first floor – a medical center, the second floor - a doctor's apartment, a security room, an electric generator, an incinerator for medical waste, and a fence for a medical center. The article defines the architectural principles and elements of the project of medical centers. These elements of the project of primary health care institutions include: the main entrance, administrative department, medical services section, examination rooms, rest rooms, radiology room, surgical ward, pharmacy, mechanics section. The general design assumptions for the building of primary health care are discussed. Design standards for these institutions are identified.
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INFLUENCE OF CULTURAL, SOCIAL, RELIGIOUS AND SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL FACTORS ON HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT, CURRENT STATE AND PROSPECT DIRECTIONS OF DEVELOPMENT OF ARCHITECTURE OF MEDICAL INSTITUTIONS IN YEMEN

https://doi.org/10.34031/2618-7183-2019-2-5-25-32
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 25-32 p.
Abstract
The article analyzes the influence of cultural, social, religious, scientific and technical factors on the historical development, current status and future directions of development of the architecture of medical institutions in Yemen. The research attempted to study the features of the work of medical institutions in Yemen. The study begins with a description of the literature on a general overview of the location, geographic sections, climate and economy of the port city of Yemen. The study describes the problems and factors that influence the design of medical institutions in Yemen. The current situation demonstrates a tendency towards centralization of attention on the patient himself and the doctor-patient system. The hospital should create the most comfortable conditions for the patient, and the medical staff acts as consultants. That is, patients should receive maximum attention, sympathy and psychological assistance. Based on this position, architectural decisions should take into account the relationship between the doctor and the patient. The architectural design of medical facilities in hot climates should be carried out taking into account the regional characteristics of the environment. The choice of a construction site for the architectural and planning organization of a network of medical institutions for children and adults must be made based on the general conditions for the development of the city and its suburban area. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study are the provisions and conclusions of the works of domestic and foreign scientists in the field of development of the architecture of medical institutions. The research used materials from scientific seminars and conferences. In the process of research, a systematic approach and logical analysis methods were used. The scientific literature notes that the modern concept of the formation of the architectural and spatial environment of urban hospitals is associated with modern medical technologies, as well as with the increasing role of medical institutions at the present stage.
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THE MANIFESTATION OF FRACTAL DIMENSIONS IN THE ARCHITECTURE OF BUILDINGS AND STRUCTURES

https://doi.org/10.34031/2618-7183-2019-2-4-89-95
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 89-95 p.
Abstract
The article shows the presence of proportional correspondence of parts and the whole using the principles of fractal geometry in the formation of the concept of beauty of natural objects and phenomena. The objects of the artificial environment for the formation of images on the example of mathematical models of calculation of natural objects that have the properties of fractal are investigated. The article presents the types of fractals. Examples of fractal in physics, biology, chemistry are given. Fractal geometry can and should be used in modeling the structure of the artificial environment that humanity creates through architecture. The very process of designing a single building, and its integration into the urban environment, which in the process of formation is also quite chaotic, falls under the principles of fractal geometry. Modeling of these processes using the principles of fractal geometry allows not only to create the most comfortable artificial urban environment, but also to monitor the flow of all processes within it.
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FEATURES OF USING BUILDING MATERIALS IN RESTORATION OF ARCHITECTURAL AND TOWN-PLANNING HERITAGE

https://doi.org/10.34031/2618-7183-2019-2-3-85-89
 85-89 p.
Abstract
The article is devoted to the study of the principles of the use of building materials in the restoration of monuments of architectural and urban heritage. The basic properties of materials, classification and specificity of their application are indicated. As a result of the analysis, the most important role of the material in the formation of the architectural image of the object is justified. It is concluded that the material should be considered not only in the context of technical parameters, but also in terms of architectural and artistic characteristics. The attention is focused on the understanding of the authenticity of the object and on the operational properties of materials for decoration. It is noted that the choice of material should be based on the previous stage of material research, as a segment of a detailed survey of the technical condition of the structure.
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